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不能靠“限客令”给“游学热”降温

2017-08-18 07:38:15   央广网

近来,关于清华、北大成旅游“朝圣地”的新闻着实不少。有报道称,仅清华一个暑假就有20万学生参观,只有一墙之隔的北大同样不难想象。众多打着“体验和感受”名义的游客,涌入这两所国内首屈一指的高等学府,纵然校方“限时”“限流”,结果依然是每天有大量游客需要排上数个小时,乃至悻悻而归。另据报道,清华于8月14日“闭门谢客”,理由是“因学校开学,停止校园参观”。

过去一说起清华、北大的“限客令”,游客总会获得更多舆论同情与支持。道理很简单,二者一定程度上都属公共资源,虽然大量游客的到访可能给学校管理上增加负担,但公办高校的属性,决定了其理应最大限度向社会开放,对游客保持宽容。不过,时至今日,当人们越来越意识到这样的“到此一游”仅仅是一种形式主义的“跟风”,两所高校的“苦衷”也就更容易被理解。从多方报道中不难看出,北大、清华的暑期游客暴增,与家长带孩子来进行“理想教育”、接受“文化熏陶”有很大关系。然而正如报道中同时提到,相比于未名湖的熙熙攘攘,北大的教学区游客寥寥,自然会让人重新审视最大限度开放校园的必要性。同时,烈日炎炎下部分家长开始选择“走捷径”,或是花重金藏身于一辆快递三轮车,或是锯围栏、用假证,如此身体力行的“熏陶”,也值得警惕。

换个角度看,清华、北大成旅游“朝圣地”实际上只是这个暑期备受全社会关注的“游学热”缩影。统计显示:近年来中国国际游学每年以20%以上的速度增长,尤其是青少年,当之无愧成为海外游学热的主力军,其中不乏3至6岁的小朋友。看看近期的相关报道,英国牛津、剑桥等世界知名学府,一波又一波地接待来自中国的“游学团”,困扰并不比北大、清华少。本质上说,去北大、清华“朝圣”,乃至国际游学,都是人们经济水平提高后,担心孩子“输在起跑线”上催生的新需求。但相比前者,国际游学不仅同样存在着编造常青藤名校游学营、顶尖贵族公学暑期拓展等各种花哨噱头却“游而不学”,甚至还出现了“低龄化”,形成了价格虚高、学生掏钱老师免费、学生干等老师购物等一系列灰色畸形利益链条和潜规则,导致游学变异。

清华、北大可以用“限客令”给旅游朝圣热潮降温,但海外选择范围如此之大,如何引导家长们理性消费,避免被旅行社和一些部门的利益链裹挟,是亟待引起教育及相关部门重视的问题。有分析指出,教育部门是“游学热”的推手,理由是,去年教育部等11部门曾印发《关于推进中小学生研学旅行的意见》,要求各地将研学旅行摆在更加重要的位置,推动研学旅行健康快速发展。但应该注意的是,《意见》强调,开展研学旅行重在“促进学生培育和践行社会主义核心价值观,激发学生对党、对国家、对人民的热爱之情”“推动全面实施素质教育”,应“根据学段特点和地域特色,逐步建立小学阶段以乡土乡情为主、初中阶段以县情市情为主、高中阶段以省情国情为主的研学旅行活动课程体系”。比照之下,部分国际游学显然“念歪了经”。

是否参加国际游学,看似学生和家长的个体选择,然而一旦当这种活动经由学校宣传推荐乃至组织,就成了一个准“集体选择”的问题。这种情形下,即便是外人再大的声音呼吁家长们理性,也难抵御群体压力。游学项目“游而不学”,不仅违背了《意见》初衷,且掺杂了复杂利益后扭曲了学校和老师的应有职责,教育部门理应作出及时必要的指导和干预。顺带说一句,既然把游学当成一种体验式教育,其实最好的体验式教育就是身体力行,家长们平时多做表率,多鼓励子女深度参与一些社会公益和实践活动,远比各式“走马观花”来得实在。

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