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澳大利亚研究者在治疗花生过敏领域取得重大突破

2017-08-17 23:41:37   国际在线

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 张齐智):近日,澳大利亚科研人员宣布在治疗花生过敏领域取得重大突破,并有望在不远的将来治疗其它食物过敏症。

16日,著名的医学期刊《柳叶刀》杂志发表了墨尔本默多克儿童研究中心在治疗花生过敏症上所取得的研究成果。中心团队在八年前开始相关研究,有56名对花生过敏的儿童完成了为期18个月的临床试验治疗,其中一半采用安慰剂疗法,另一半采用益生素免疫疗法,即把少剂量的花生粉,掺入一种高剂量的名叫鼠李糖乳杆菌的益生素当中,并在随后的治疗中逐渐加大花生剂量。在2013年实验结束时,采用益生素免疫疗法的儿童中有80%可以随便吃含花生的食物而不过敏。经过持续四年的观察,这些儿童中仍有70%不会对花生过敏。

该研究项目的主要负责人、默多克儿童研究中心的亚裔科学家唐米米(音译)教授解释了他们最新的研究发现,“我们的最新研究是跟踪当初接受治疗的儿童在四年后的情况,以检验治疗效果是否长期有效。我们发现其中大多数儿童在最初的治疗结束四年后仍然可以不对花生过敏。”

花生作为重要的食物过敏原之一可以引起极为严重的过敏症状,严重者可能因呼吸受阻而导致休克。据统计,因食物过敏引发的死亡中有90%都是由花生导致的,因此这一最新的研究成果引起了广泛关注,被业界认为提供了有效治疗花生过敏的迄今为止“最强有力的证据”。唐米米教授还乐观地表示,他们的益生素免疫疗法有望在治疗其它食物过敏方面产生同样效果,“我们相信这一方法也可以用于治疗其它食物过敏,因为其原理是通过益生素来调节免疫系统,使其针对不同的食物过敏原做出不同的反应。如果将益生素与其它食物过敏的免疫疗法相结合,我们预计可以取得同样的效果,使免疫系统产生必要的保护以抵御过敏原。”

据统计,世界范围内每20名儿童中有一人对食物过敏,而成年人中食物过敏的比例为50:1,主要过敏原除花生外还包括海鲜、牛奶及蛋类等。唐米米教授的研究团队为这一人群带来了福音,不过她也表示,距离正式推出相关治疗药物还需时日,“不幸的是,这类研究通常需要较长时间。我们为取得已被证实的不错疗效而感到兴奋,但还必须扩大实验范围以进一步确认,这还需要很多年,至少得几年时间才能向社会提供最终疗法。”

据悉,唐米米教授的团队下一步将选取200名儿童参与扩大实验,以进一步验证疗效。

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