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调查:海归人才成为中国创新创业生力军

2017-08-17 14:21:24   中国青年网

调查显示:海归人才成为中国创新创业生力军

海归创业首选城市为北京 偏好创新技术和现代服务业

党的十八大以来,我国形成新中国成立以来最大规模留学人才“归国潮”。教育部数据显示,2016年,我国出国留学人员总数突破54万,较2012年增长14.49万,增幅达36.26%;留学回国人员总数为43.25万,较2012年增长15.96万,增幅为58.48%。

作为创新创业生力军的留学人员,理想和现实之间有何差距,应如何更好地把爱国之情、强国之志、报国之行统一起来?日前,全球化智库等机构在京发布《2017中国海归就业创业调查报告》,以大量数据和客观分析对该问题给出回答。

调查显示,在自我认知方面,多数海归认为自身最大优势在于国际视野、语言优势及跨文化沟通能力,普遍认为留学期间个人能力获得全面提升。近半数海归认为自身竞争力高于国内同类学生。

看好国内发展前景、努力实现自身价值是留学人员回国创业的主要动因。对此,欧美同学会副会长、教育部原副部长刘利民表示,“广大留学人员迎来了实现自我价值的黄金时代,自身所长只有熔铸在民族复兴的伟大历程中,才能更好实现其价值。”全球化智库理事长王辉耀指出,留学人员成为中国创新创业的有生力量,与其对中国未来发展的强大信心密切相关。“只有对国家发展有信心、对中国市场有信心,才会激发他们创新创业的内生动力。”

与就业型海归相比,创业型海归更加看重国内的市场机遇。

报告显示,北京仍是海归的创业首选。多数受访者选择北京、上海、成都、广州、武汉,呈现“一线城市领跑,二线特色城市崛起”特征。

中共北京市委组织部人才工作处副处长于海蛟认为,当前海归到北京创业有很多需求,但最重要的是事业发展的需求。就北京的营商环境来讲,要降低海外回国人才创业成本,包括适应过程、服务水准、商事制度改革等,让他们心无旁骛地创新创业。

在行业分布上,海归偏好创新技术和现代服务业领域。主要集中在IT/通信/电子/互联网,占比近五分之一,服务业紧随其后。对此,与会嘉宾强调,“一带一路”建设蕴含巨大的创新创业机遇。在这方面,海归创业者不仅可以把各种先进技术通过创业活动带到国内,还可以通过与产业链上合作者之间的互动,产生知识溢出效应,真正架起沟通中外之桥梁。

过半数创业者有创业失败经历,经验匮乏和资金不足为主要原因,占比分别为40.4%和29.4%,此外,市场定位偏差占比为27.2%。

发布会上,学者表示,与国内一般创业者相比,海归创业者拥有两个显著特征:良好的海外高等教育背景;创业聚焦在技术、知识密集型产业。海归创业者要找准专业优势和社会发展的结合点,找准先进知识和我国实际的结合点,才能真正使创新创造落地生根、开花结果。

全球化智库副主任、课题组负责人苗绿坦陈,海归创业离不开外部的支持和帮助。“当前,海归创业阶段急需市场开拓和金融服务。”苗绿呼吁,要切实帮助海归在创业过程中节省时间、少走弯路,使他们向着正确方向大胆“创”、用力“闯”。

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