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五幅梵高《向日葵》通过网络集体呈现 创作背景简析

2017-08-17 10:52:19   央广网

央广网北京8月17日消息(记者张奥 实习记者于洋 罗月言)据经济之声《天下公司》报道,在阿姆斯特丹的梵高博物馆现场,讲解员站在梵高的向日葵画作旁对着网络直播镜头说,“欢迎大家从伦敦国家美术馆来到阿姆斯特丹,今晚你们将看到5幅顶尖的艺术品,它就是梵高的《向日葵》。”

昨天凌晨艺术界发生了一件很酷的大事件,伦敦国家美术馆、阿姆斯特丹梵高博物馆、慕尼黑新美术馆、费城艺术博物馆、东京损保日本东乡青儿美术馆把馆藏的《向日葵》以借力的形式,在网络上对艺术爱好者做了Facebook直播,每个讲解员以15分钟时间向世人展示梵高不同的《向日葵》。

1888年至1889年,文森特·梵高创作了七幅《向日葵》,色调和气质上各有不同,其中5幅作品散布于三大洲,很难放在一起展示,而现在网络可以实现。

梵高是在怎样的情况下创作的《向日葵》?博物馆有得聊创始人廖钒说,“这一系列画作是在1888年中到年底这段时间所创作的,这时候已经是梵高生命的末期,他生理上的抑郁和精神分裂已经越来越严重,他住在法国南部的阿尔勒小镇的精神病院,多半年的时间完成了以花为题材的作品。除了我们知道的最著名的《向日葵》,还有《鸢尾花》、《杏花》、《玫瑰》等,每个系列都不止一张作品。

就《向日葵》来说,从作品中能看到他对于日本浮世绘创作风格的模仿,是一个高度风格化的作品。我们看到的几幅同时期作品差别基本很小,在几个月内创作的向日葵还有一个共同的地方,画的大部分是比较干枯、已经凋谢的向日葵形象。他是对颜色本身有一种探索,探索生命在凋谢过程中的形态。当时他还没有自杀的念头,但是他创作生涯一直都不顺利。1888年大概离他的生命结束、自杀的终点还有一年多的时间。”

廖钒介绍,当时,梵高的弟弟提奥帮他办画展,和其他画家一起参加画展,但是他的画都没有卖出去过,当时没有受到人们的肯定。这也是当时和梵高一样的其他后印象派画家所面临的一个共同问题:即便受到肯定、有人买画,价格也不会很高。

廖钒称,“梵高1888年在法国南部阿尔勒的这些创作,我们能感受到这位画家非常希望别人能理解他的创作,但当时的美术评论界还不能接受。并且就梵高本人的生活而言,当时的他已经35岁,基本上已经被家庭所抛弃,除了他的弟弟以外,社会都认为他是一个一无是处的人。因此他是在‘我特别真诚地想表达自己,但是大家却都不承认我的’这样一种心境下所创作的。梵高1889年以后的作品,线条比现在我们所看到的这五幅还要曲折、还要生硬,他的纠结和痛楚也更明显地表达了出来。”

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