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小区消防设施损坏,房管可代修

2017-08-16 08:24:25   中国青年网

■本报记者 王海燕

记者昨天从市政府新闻发布会上获悉,《上海市住宅物业消防安全管理办法》将于今年9月1日起施行,对适用范围、住宅物业有关各方的责任、专项维修资金使用、电动汽车和电动自行车充电安全管理、住宅物业区域的执法协作、住宅物业限制登记等重点问题作了规范。

房管代修费用由业主承担

市政府法制办主任吴偕林介绍,此次立法将本市区域内所有的住宅物业都纳入适用范围,包括实施物业管理的住宅物业和未实施物业管理、由业主自行管理的住宅物业。办法明确规定,实行业主自主管理的小区,由业主自行管理机构承担具体的消防安全责任;尚未选聘物业服务企业且未组建业主委员会的住宅小区,由居(村)民委员会组织业主、物业使用人做好消防安全工作。

此外,按照本市的住宅物业管理规定,住宅小区的共用消防设施损坏的,区房屋行政管理部门可以组织代为维修,维修费用在专项维修资金中列支;但在实践中,因缺乏细化的操作性规定,实施的难度较大。为此,本办法明确,因业主委员会不同意在专项维修资金中列支维修费用等原因,影响共用消防设施维修、更新和改造的,公安机关消防机构应当告知区房屋管理部门,由区房屋管理部门组织代为维修。

公共部位防火须每日巡查

另外,消防设施缺损且维保不力。部分老旧小区由于先天规划不足,内部消防设施缺失、消防水源缺乏,消防本质安全度较低。部分老旧小区虽经政府消防实事项目改造,增配了相关消防设施,但因业委会规范运作不够、维修基金续筹困难以及物业消防管理不到位等原因,一些消防设施常处于故障状态,无法发挥应有作用。

针对这些情况,此次立法规范了住宅物业共用部位的日常消防安全管理。办法明确,物业服务企业或者业主自行管理机构应当对住宅物业管理区域内的共用部位每日进行防火巡查,每月至少进行一次防火检查,及时发现和消除火灾隐患,并做好防火巡查、检查和处理记录。对无法消除的火灾隐患,物业服务企业或者业主自行管理机构应当立即报告业主委员会和所在地公安派出所;公安派出所接到报告后,及时依法调查处理。

另外,办法明确物业或者业主自行管理机构应当在住宅小区的出入口、电梯口、防火门等醒目位置,设置提示火灾危险性、安全逃生路线、安全出口、消防设施器材使用方法的明显标志和警示标语;在消防车通道、消防车作业场地、疏散通道以及消火栓、灭火器、防火门、防火卷帘等消防设施附近,设置禁止占用、遮挡的明显标志。对于未按照规定设置消防安全标志的违法行为,由公安机关消防机构依法进行查处。

违法出租行为罚款最高10万元

调研发现,近年来电动自行车因质量不达标、充电不规范等引发火灾的情况也日益突出,对居民小区消防安全构成新的威胁,特别是一些居民为图方便,将电动自行车停放在疏散通道内充电,一旦着火,“生命通道”被堵塞,极易造成人员伤亡。

此次立法明确提出,“搭建临时建筑物、构筑物或者改变建筑物用途不符合消防安全要求”等九项禁止在住宅物业区域内实施的违法行为;并对电动汽车、电动自行车的充电安全作了专门规定,要求物业服务企业或者业主自行管理机构加强对电动汽车、电动自行车充电的日常管理,做好每日巡查、检查工作,督促业主、物业使用人遵守安全充电要求。同时,增加了违法出租等行为的法律责任。单位或者个人违法出租架空层、设备层、避难层,改变停车库、地下空间使用性质不符合消防安全要求的,由公安机关消防机构责令改正,处1万元以上3万元以下罚款;情节严重的,处3万元以上10万元以下罚款。业主大会、业主委员会存在前款行为的,由住宅物业所在地的区房屋管理部门或者街道办事处、乡镇人民政府按照物业管理条例规定进行处理。

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