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早期喉癌放疗可保留发音功能

2017-08-16 05:50:50   中国青年网

本报讯(记者王恺凝 通讯员韩悦 介芳芳)58岁的刘先生家住汉阳,半年前出现咽喉部不适,伴声音嘶哑。起初他以为自己得了咽喉炎,没太当回事,买了咽喉片在家服用。结果咽痛症状持续了半个多月仍未见好转,随即就近到武汉市第五医院就诊。

让刘先生没想到的是,他患上的竟是喉癌。通过详细检查,医生告诉刘先生,所幸发现及时,全身其他地方未见转移,诊断为早期喉癌。该院肿瘤学科带头人龙志雄教授了解刘先生病情后,为他制定了两套治疗方案:一是选择喉切除术,二是接受放射治疗。

由于是早期发现,所以两种治疗方案效果相当。不同的是,放射治疗具有无创性,治疗后可保留喉发音功能。刘先生考虑到对生活质量影响及美容效果,最终决定选择放射治疗。

龙教授团队为刘先生制定了个体化的放疗方案,加上中医中药益气扶正治疗,经过1个多月的治疗后,刘先生喉部不适感及声音嘶哑症状明显好转,治疗后3个月复查肿瘤消失。

全国精确放疗副主委、全国肿瘤立体定向放疗常委、武汉市放疗质控中心主任、武汉市第五医院肿瘤科学科带头人龙志雄教授介绍,喉癌的治疗手段主要为手术和放疗。一般而言,任何部位的早期喉癌,无论是采用手术还是放射治疗,生存率相似。

“放疗是通过放射线的电离辐射消灭肿瘤细胞,以控制肿瘤不再生长。”龙志雄教授指出,虽然放疗与外科手术都是局部治疗手段,但放疗对一些器官肿瘤的治疗,是外科手术做不到的。比如喉癌患者,人们只有喉咙这一个发音器官,草率地手术将永远失去发音功能。对于早期喉癌来说,采用放射治疗后的发音功能要明显好于手术治疗者,因此多主张放射治疗为首选。对于晚期喉癌患者选择采用单纯根治性放疗、或诱导化疗+放疗、或同步放化疗的方案,可获得和根治性手术+术后放疗一样的疗效,且约半数患者的喉功能得以保留,晚期喉癌患者放射治疗也是重要治疗手段之一。

对于患者担心的放疗“杀敌一万自损三千”的问题,龙志雄也作了解释:医疗技术的进步让现代放疗具备了“导弹部队”的功能,有经验的放疗医师设计好各项参数,可以实现立体化,精确定点打击目标,让癌细胞无路可逃。

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