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陕西与新疆的热恋(新作评介)
2017-08-16 04:21:30 中国青年网
我一直把红柯看成当代文坛中的另类。假如小说创作也有一条宽阔的大道的话,红柯显然不是走在这条大道上的作家。红柯宁愿选择一条孤独的崎岖小路——当然,这样说只不过是外人的眼里所看到的情景。至于他本人,也许他觉得自己选择的小路并不崎岖,而是一条康庄大道,因为几十年来他一直走在这条道路上,这条道路对于他来说宽广无比也平坦无比,他在这条道路上也收获颇丰。红柯作为另类的特征是其鲜明的浪漫主义色彩,他是如此酷爱浪漫主义,这应该与他的性格相关,同时也与他的人生经历相关。在陕西长大的红柯曾到新疆生活了十来年,正是新疆的异域风情和绚烂文化开启了红柯的浪漫主义文学之路,并为他提供了最丰富的资源。比如,《西去的骑手》中的马,《大河》中的熊,《乌尔禾》中的羊以及《生命树》中的树,都是新疆天山神秘地域播洒在红柯头脑里的文学精灵。红柯后来回到了家乡陕西。他热爱陕西,同时他也热爱新疆。于是,在他的小说里,会有两个地域的对话,这使得他的不少小说具有复调的性质。红柯的这一特点在他的新作《太阳深处的火焰》得到了一次集大成式的展现,新疆与陕西不仅在亲密地对话,而且进入到热恋阶段,红柯的思想智慧也在这种热恋的状态中迸发出火花。
《太阳深处的火焰》同样是复调式的结构。似乎又与经典的复调小说不一样,它有好几条故事线索,但同时又在故事情节的展开中穿插进几个板块。第一条线索是吴丽梅与徐济云的爱情故事,显然这是承载小说主题的一条线索。吴丽梅来自新疆塔里木盆地,徐济云来自陕西黄土高原,他们在新时期之初共同考上渭北大学,在学校他们相恋了。“你就想想几万年前几十万年前大风掀起一座座黄土山脉,鲲鹏展翅九万里,扶摇直上,沿塔里木河潜行万里从巴颜喀拉山再次起飞,沿黄河呼啸而下,构建起中国北方的黄土高原黄土平原。”这就是他们之间的情话!只有活在作家内心的人才会说这样的情话。也就是说,吴丽梅与徐济云这两个人物属于比较虚化的人物,他们更大的功能是形象地表现作家内心的意念。吴丽梅代表了新疆,吴济云代表了陕西,这两个人物一直活在红柯的内心,也一直处在对话的状态中,他们对话的成果便是红柯的一部接一部的小说。而到了《太阳深处的火焰》,他们由对话状态进入到了热恋状态。这意味着红柯对于新疆与陕西的长期对话已经有了一个明确的结论了,这个结论就是新疆与陕西从文化渊源上是一体的。但有意思的是,这么热恋的一对,红柯却没有让他们最终走到一起。他们平静地分手,吴丽梅毕业后回到家乡塔里木盆地;徐济云毕业后留校,成为渭北大学非常有影响的教授。红柯为什么要这么处理?这就牵出了另一条线索,这就是徐济云的学术成长史以及他带领自己的研究生研究皮影艺术的故事。讲这个故事时,红柯收敛了自己的热烈奔放姿态,以一种冷夸张的叙述表现出他对现实的批判。毫无疑问,目前仍身处高校的红柯对于学术生态恶化的现实有着切身体验,他在讲这个故事时完全以现实主义的方式揭露客观真相,淋漓尽致地写出了学术界在体制化、功利化的驱动下腐败堕落的丑态。在第一个故事里,徐济云是作为陕西的代表出现的,而在第二个故事里,徐济云却陷在现实的污泥之中。这也正是吴丽梅为什么最终要与徐济云分手的根本原因。
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