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正风反腐体现中国共产党的能力与魄力

2017-08-15 09:46:48   中国青年网

郑永年,新加坡国立大学东亚研究所所长,著名中国问题专家,主要从事中国内部转型及其外部关系研究。

这五年来中国共产党正风反腐确实有很大成效。不仅国内的老百姓评价很高,国际社会也有很高的评价。能够这么大规模地正风反腐,能把这么多高级别的官员拉下马,只有中国共产党才能做到。事实上,落马官员大多属于既得利益者。这些既得利益者在很多国家是动不了的。中国共产党能够动、敢于动,体现了这个政党的能力和魄力。

这几年,中国共产党坚持全面从严治党,首先从落实中央八项规定精神破题。为什么以此为切入点?我觉得,这是因为,一个党内的不良风气其实是其他方面所存在的问题造成的。如果一个组织内的腐败风气已经存在了,还没有人去阻止它、纠正它,那么,任何一个组织都会衰落。

中国共产党的正风反腐是从高级干部开始的。中国人说:“上梁不正下梁歪。”高级干部就像一座大厦的顶层,如果顶层垮了,下面就会歪掉。但反过来说,光打“大老虎”,不拍“苍蝇”也不行。基层的党员干部就像大厦里的一砖一瓦,如果他们腐烂掉了,这个大厦也要垮。一些地方一到基层,政策落实、监督检查的力度就会变弱,甚至也存在不落实的现象。在基层,一些贪官被老百姓称作“霸”。老百姓每天看到这些“苍蝇”就在他们眼前,必然心有怨言。哪怕这些“苍蝇”贪腐的数字没有那么大,但是却与群众的生活息息相关。人民群众是中国共产党的执政基础,基层很重要。

作风这个概念包括很多方面,比如日常生活方式、思维方式,以及和群众、商人、同事、家人等打交道的方式。这五年来,我观察到,党员干部的作风发生了很大的转变。一个变化是干群关系得到了很大改善。许多普通老百姓都表示,现在官员不敢像从前那样侵占群众利益了,甚至在某些方面不得不“夹着尾巴”了。官员“夹着尾巴做人”是个美德,中国共产党的宗旨是为人民服务,在人民群众面前要“夹着尾巴”,耀武扬威肯定是不行的。

这五年来的另一个变化是,投资经营环境改善了。我接触到的一些国际上的商人曾向我反映,以前在中国做生意,去地方投资,总会遇到个别地方官员用不同方式收受好处的现象。这些官员不直接说,就一直拖着你,不办事、不盖章,等你领会他的意思了,想到去送好处给他,他才办事。所以,很多外商被迫无奈去打听这个地方怎么样找关系、拉关系。对他们来说,这是一件很头疼的事。但现在,很少听说这种现象了。这个项目能做就是能做,不能做就是不能做,少了地方官员在其中吃拿卡要。我认识一些英国的制药商,以前他们与中国的医院合作,都会遇到各种回扣。现在腐败少了,他们也很开心。因为不管中外,任何一个有社会责任感的企业,都不会喜欢在腐败的环境中经营投资。可是以前,他们按章办事开展工作,发现在部分地方官员那里行不通。甚至他们雇佣的一些员工也开始参与腐败之风,让企业的有序管理和良好声誉受到了影响。对外商来说,中国下大力气正风反腐是完全符合他们的利益的。就这一点来看,之前一些人所持有的“腐败能促进经济发展”的观点是错误的。长期而言,你不可能寄希望于一个国家的发展是建立在腐败之上的。

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