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联股联业联企 增效增收增绿

2017-08-15 09:01:58   中国青年网

本报记者 乔佳妮 通讯员 杨月华

贵州省素有“天无三日晴,地无三尺平”之说。按以前的观念,这话强调的是当地条件艰苦,可如今,贵州人更愿将其理解为对他们所拥有优势资源的另类演绎——气候宜人、资源丰富。这两年,贵州借助这一优势,通过农村“三变”改革,创新了农业经营体制,促进了农业结构调整,激发了农村发展活力,持续推动了农业增效、农民增收、农村增绿。

六盘水市的“三变”更是全国农村集体产权制度改革的示范样板。截至目前,贵州省农村“三变”共涉及140个乡镇、1016个行政村,其中一半以上在六盘水市。六盘水市紧抓农村“三变”机遇,将生态劣势转化为生态优势,改革让50.14万户农户成股东,带动165.33万农民受益。对比贵州,当前,我省也有336个行政村进行了“三变”改革,许多村和六盘水市农村有着相似村情,其做法或许能给陕西农村的发展带来一些启示。

因地制宜,精准选好产业路

“三变”改革,是新时期借助股份制这一市场化的经营方式,在坚持土地集体所有基础上,把分散的资源、资金、农民“聚集”起来,促进土地适度规模经营和其他经营性资产的有效利用,实现农户、村集体发展与经营主体多赢,变革的发力点在于精准选择适应市场化需求的优势产业。

在六盘水市,精准选择产业项目是“三变”改革的重中之重。当地通过“三变+特色农业”模式,因地制宜选择了红心猕猴桃、刺梨等具有市场优势、山地特色的绿色产业重点培育,通过“生产规模化、质量标准化、市场网络化、经营股权化”,助推一产“接二连三”,提高农业综合效益和竞争力。

盘州市盘关镇的贾西村,以前贫瘠落后,山高坡陡、石漠化严重,村民只能种玉米、土豆,亩收入也就五六百元。返乡能人聂德友以“党建+平台公司+合作社+集体+农户”的模式,动员农户用土地经营权入股合作社,按照保底分成+收益分红的利益联结机制,改种刺梨,实现了公司发展与百姓致富的同频共振。如今,贾西村及周边6个村全部栽种了刺梨树。去年已初挂鲜果3000吨,鲜果销售收入1200万元,进入盛产期后,预计年可产刺梨鲜果52.15万吨,销售收入20.86亿元。

良好的气候资源在贵州人眼中是个宝。植被丰富,夏季月平均气温20℃左右的六盘水市是全国避暑胜地,当地不少村庄设置了土地股、自然风光股等12种股权形式,发展旅游休闲产业,带动农户增收。

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