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降雨后皮肤过敏者增多

2017-08-15 06:16:33   中国青年网

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进入8月份以来,连续几次较大规模的降雨,给人们的生产生活带来一定影响,一些健康问题也随之出现。“三伏”天高热高湿,赶上连续几天阴雨,空气湿度接近饱和,潮热环境特别适宜霉菌的生长繁殖,对霉菌易感人群就容易因空气中过量霉菌而引发过敏症状。

据大连市皮肤病医院变态反应科副主任李乔介绍,最近因霉菌导致皮肤过敏的患者明显增多,并且出现了湿疹或荨麻疹等过敏症状。

湿热易滋生霉菌致过敏

市皮肤病医院中医美容科主任刘俐日前接诊一位患者,四肢出现大面积红斑、丘疹,病情较重。经了解得知,这位患者是一名交警,在前几天我市的那场大雨中执勤,身上穿的工作服被雨浇透了,由于工作繁忙,一直长时间穿着湿衣服,第二天身上就起了大片的小疙瘩。经诊断,这位交警得了湿疹。因雨水本身就含有致敏原,皮肤长时间被雨水浸泡后,自身的屏障功能就会变弱,又被潮湿的衣服长时间捂着不透气,湿热的环境容易滋生霉菌,加之自身皮肤敏感而引发过敏症状。

该院小儿皮肤专诊副主任医师董昳莅接诊了一位小女孩,前胸、后背,尤其是臀部上全是小红疙瘩。据了解,孩子周末“上海”了,晚上回家后就说身上痒,被游泳衣包裹的皮肤都出现了小红疙瘩。董昳莅说,这种皮肤过敏与水质污染有一定关系。集中连续的暴雨,让海水的水质受到了一定程度的破坏。游泳时,皮肤长时间浸泡在水中,皮肤的屏障功能变弱,游泳衣长时间捂着皮肤,湿热本身容易让皮肤产生不适。同时,海水中的水草、沙粒或污染物质也可能成为致敏原因,加之孩子抵抗力弱,就容易引起皮肤过敏。

如何预防皮肤过敏

降雨过后导致皮肤过敏的主要原因是湿热、长时间捂着不透气及霉菌等过敏原的滋生。

医生提醒,预防皮肤过敏就要远离湿热、远离过敏原。阴雨天应尽量避免外出,尽量减少与霉菌等过敏原的接触机会。淋雨后或出汗多时要及时清洁皮肤,并替换干净的衣服、鞋子,不要让潮湿的衣服长时间捂着皮肤。同时,注意保持皮肤清洁、干爽。这点在炎热的季节的确很难做到,但是要尽量减少高温下户外活动。选择穿着纯棉、宽松、透气性好、吸汗性好的衣裤。做好日常皮肤清洁,但也不要过度洗浴。室内注意通风、除湿,空调一定要定期清洁,除菌除螨。注意室内卫生清洁,不要有藏污纳垢的死角,特别注意浴室内保持干燥。衣物、被褥、毛毯等用品需要定期、及时晾晒。

皮肤过敏了该怎么办

一旦身上出现红斑、丘疹,不要随意抓挠,再痒也要忍耐。抓挠会加重病情,挠破会继发感染。不要轻信用芦荟擦、抹醋等没有科学依据的民间偏方。如果症状较轻,可先口服抗过敏药,如盐酸左西替利嗪等,外用艾洛松等中弱效激素药膏。若症状较重或药物并未有效控制病情,一定要及时就医。

医生特别强调,如果皮肤出现风疹块状的荨麻疹时,需要特别关注自己是否有胸闷、呼吸困难的情况,如果有需及时就近就医,以免致命的意外发生。到正规医院进行过敏原检测,找到致敏原因,并有效规避,才能从根本上有效避免皮肤过敏再度发生。过敏期间,要注意清淡饮食,辛辣刺激、腥发油腻的食物都要避免,以免加重病情。

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