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建设东北亚科技创新创业创投中心
2017-08-15 05:21:48 中国青年网
杜辉
谭作钧同志在市委十二届三次全会报告中,不仅提出要建设东北亚科技创新创业中心,还进一步提出要打造东北“创投之都”。这就为大连培育新动能指明了方向。
纵观世界城市兴衰大周期,只有新经济才是老工业基地的重生之路。历史上,英国老牌工业城市利物浦、曼彻斯特、谢菲尔德、格拉斯哥,德国的鲁尔工业区,美国的匹茨堡等这些老牌重化工业城市,先后都经历了70年-80年城市兴衰的周期震荡。伴随造船、机械、煤炭、钢铁、纺织等传统产业的衰落,经济发展低迷、失业率上升、城市人口外流。至20世纪70年代以后,这些城市被迫发生转型,主导产业逐步向高技术产业和服务业方向发展,城市才有了新生。当今时代,油页岩在替代原油,纯电动车很快将替代燃油汽车,人工智能在逐步替代人脑,单纯依靠石油炼化、机械制造、普通汽车等传统产业,难以保证后10年的大连中兴,我们必须突破“路径依赖”。
城市科技创新在于突出重点。结合大连产业转型升级的需求,围绕产业链培育创新链,应着重在高端智能装备制造、新能源新材料制造、生物医药科技、农业科技等领域实现新突破。高端智能装备制造产业重点突破智能制造技术、数控机床技术、高端船舶与海洋工程技术、轨道交通技术和高端轴承技术等;新能源新材料制造产业重点突破高性能电池及储能技术、新能源装备技术、纳米材料技术、化工新材料技术、特种金属及复合材料技术、半导体照明技术等;生物医药科技产业重点突破天然药物与生物技术药开发技术、化药创制技术等;农业科技重点突破海珍品苗种繁育与健康养殖关键技术、畜牧新品种选育及健康养殖关键技术、果蔬与粮油新品种选育及高效种植技术、高档花卉新品种选育与工厂化栽培技术等。
集聚创新资源,关键在于构建政府引导、市场导向的创新机制。创新、创业、创投,互为条件,相互支撑。美国的硅谷,中国的深圳,无不是研发天才、创业者、天使投资人、风投机构云集的高地。大连自改革开放以来,一直是国家对外开放的高地,也是创新创业的先导区。大连建立了全国第一个经济开发区,高新园区、软件园以及沈大国家自主创新示范区等重大国家创新载体落户大连。如今要做的事,一是重塑激励创新创业的商务环境。在现有商事制度改革的基础上,向先进城市看齐,加快实施“一址多照”集群注册,放宽“互联网+”等新兴行业市场准入管制,促进产业跨界融合发展。二要加快推进知识产权折股、高新技术企业税收优惠、研发费用加计抵扣等政策落地。调整优化现有各类科技计划(专项),完善科技评价和奖励制度。三要构建知识产权保护、评价、交易和运用体系,完善知识产权快速维权机制。要努力实现四个90%的目标:即90%的创新人才集聚在企业;90%的研发机构集中在企业;90%的R&D投入来自企业;90%的创新专利来自企业。
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