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设计师的难题
2017-08-14 16:03:20 中国青年网
关于平面设计师的一个谬误是认为设计师为了创造一个“好的排版”,他要做的只是对各式各样元素做出一个赏心悦目的整理。这种理解就意味着设计也许只是简单地随意排布元素实验,直到发生些什么不一样的视觉效果。在最好的情况下这个过程包含了试错的耗时和不确定性;在最坏的情况下则是对计划、顺序和原则的漠不关心。
有那么一个准则:设计师不该以先入为主的想法作为设计起点。想法是(或者说应该是)谨慎学习研究和观察的结果,而设计则源于这想法。因此,设计师为了找到有效解决问题的方案必须经历某种心理状态。他会有意无意地进行分析、阐释、制定方案的过程。他关注自己的和相关领域的科学技术发展。他即兴创作、不断发明、发现新的组合手法。他协调以及整合他的素材,以便可以用想法、标志、符号、图片的形式来重述他的问题。他不断进行统一、精简、删除多余信息。他使用象征手段——通过联想和类比来从其他材料中进行抽象提炼。他加强和控制——以恰当的装饰搭配来强化他的视觉符号,从而将作品变得明确而富有趣味性。他会巧妙利用本能和直觉,也会考虑到观者以及他自己的感觉和偏好。
因为提供给他的素材常常是不充分的、模糊、无趣或者不适合做视觉演绎的,设计师的任务正是去再创造或者重述问题。也许就需要抛弃或修改很多给定的物料。通过分析(将复杂的物料化繁为简到最简单的要素……怎么做、为什么做、什么时候做以及在什么地方做)设计师才能开始重述问题。
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