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银行“三三四”自查结束 同业负债半年缩水超万亿

2017-08-14 09:47:53   央广网

自今年3月底银监会开展“三三四”(“三违反”45号文、“三套利”46号文、“四不当”53号文 )专项治理工作后,到目前已四月有余。据《经济参考报》记者了解,目前大部分银行已完成自查工作,并已向监管部门报送自查报告,下一步将进入整改阶段。

受专项治理工作影响,银行上半年同业负债规模已缩水万亿;按照央行公布的其他存款性公司资产负债表,以“对其他存款性公司负债”和“对其他金融性公司负债”两个科目来计算同业负债的话,6月底银行同业负债为28.54万亿元,环比下降了795.71亿元,上半年共计下降了1.67万亿元。

“三三四”规范出台,银行金融市场部门的业务或将面临较大范围调整。“根据‘三三四’规则要求,主要涉及非标资产嵌套问题整改,在去杠杆、去通道的要求下,银行同业和理财业务会有不同规模缩减。这从最近银监会例行发布会上公示的数据已有显示,截至6月底,银行业同业资产和同业负债总额比年初分别下降29.8%和13.5%;同业理财募集资金同比下降33.8%。”国开行开鑫金服总经理周治翰说道。

事实上,关于“三三四”检查,银行层级越下沉,受到当地监管约束越大。尤其是城商行、农商行,受到“三三四”监管文件的约束很明显。“在‘空转套利’的监管压力下,同业和理财资金对接委外受到筛查,农商行受到的影响更大;另外由于监管部门在对农商行进行管理时甚至会提出比全国性监管文件更加严格的指标要求,因此农商行受到当地监管部门的约束更大。”华创债券调研报告如是说道。

对于此次“三三四”整改,华创报告指出,大部分银行表示当前的监管环境对委外业务有较大影响,新业务暂停、老业务调整,甚至有部分银行表示影响很大、老业务也要清理。对于未来监管节奏的判断,部分银行认为年内监管影响最大的时间点还没有到来,还要等四季度靴子落地。

对此,周治翰认为,从目前种种迹象看,去杠杆、维护金融市场稳定是监管的一致意见。至于监管的节奏、进程、力度如何,主要看市场是否出现过于激烈的波动,以及防范和处置各类金融风险的需要。

中国社会科学院金融研究所银行研究室主任曾刚认为,总体来讲受影响最大的阶段已经过去,上半年本身市场环境比较紧张,从监管而言对银行冲击也比较明显,下半年银行已经适应了新的环境,再加上货币政策整个趋于稳健,因此,下半年银行压力会小一些。

“不过下半年会有一些不确定性,主要来自资管新规。预计在金融稳定发展委员会成立之后,要牵头跨部门制定资管新规,可能在后半年推出,那么银行的理财新规也会出来。银行理财新规将是一个‘还未落下的靴子’。考虑到目前银行的理财规模已经在30万亿了,这个规模并不小,而且理财资金绝大多数投入到债券市场。因此,新规将对整个金融市场产生巨大影响。”曾刚坦言。

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