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箍桶匠谢二爸

2017-08-14 07:48:37   中国青年网

○张浩明

箍桶匠 马千笑 手绘

箍桶匠老谢排行老二,人称谢二爸。他的箍桶铺子开在一个叫倒石桥(今属锦江区)的小乡镇,那年月小镇很冷清,但小镇有条河,河上有座石拱桥,这桥因年深日久变得有点歪斜,也不知何方秀才取了倒石桥这个名字。这桥虽不养眼,但鸡公车架子车和抬滑杆的苦力每天在桥上走走停停,桥却坚固如初,不倒不断不跨,倒石桥反而变成不倒桥了。

在倒石桥无论是白头老翁,还是黄口小儿都异口同声叫老谢为谢二爸,为什么这样叫不清楚,但老谢从这样的叫法中领悟到一种别样的美和享受。老人叫他谢二爸,他感到自己像太上老君一样是老神仙,受人敬拜和尊崇。小孩子叫他谢二爸,他觉得自己像有无边法力永不变老的二郎神。其实谢二爸已经40多岁了,他15岁成婚,有了8个孩子,5男3女,这些娃娃全是大的带小的,谢二爸谢二娘从不操心。每天晚上睡觉时,他只在床上数娃娃,只要数到8时,他就笑眯眯地叭上叶子烟,并假咳几声,大叫睡了睡了!一旦娃娃有个头痛脑热,就出门扯几把草草药熬水灌下去,保准万事大吉。

谢二爸农忙种几亩水田,农闲便在家门口摆个箍桶摊子,门面寒伧极了,就3只水桶3只尿桶。这时谢二爸就在马凳上刨那些长长短短的桶板子,板子有柏木、杉木,先粗刨后精刨。这刨板很考手艺,刨得太粗线缝不易弥合,太细滑磨擦力不够又容易漏缝。记得开始跟师傅学艺时,刨好的桶板要用胳膊来试,胳膊被桶板挂痛证明太粗,一点不痛则刨得太细,恰到好处是胳膊有点微痛不发红。当然谢二爸如今眼睛已能看出火候,再不用当初的笨法子了。桶板收拾好后便是连结楔子,数个桶板的连结侧面要钻上中小三个小孔,孔要对精准,不能有丝毫差错。这楔子是用老楠竹削成火柴棍那样细并两头尖的利器,一块块的进行连结,连结成一个圆桶后便是上箍。上箍也不简单,那时乡下不用铁丝,箍桶是用竹蔑条。竹篾条是川西坝一种叫慈竹的第一层皮,将皮剥下后要收水气,收水气不能在太阳下晒,只能挂在屋檐下阴干,然后用桐油浸渍,捞出后拧成麻花状,这样处理的篾条轻柔坚韧和牛筋的强度差不多。篾条拧好后便是上箍,由于桶形中间大,上箍便从中间开始,箍紧后拧成一个小疙瘩,再用楔子卯死。三道箍上完了,最后在桶梁上装一横杠叫把手,一只桶就算硬件成形了。接下来便刷两道桐油,等完全干燥后,还须在日光下照光,看有无漏光处,不漏光即今后不漏水,若有漏光再用细细的锯木面,和一把竹片刀塞紧填实又照光……

谢二爸制作的木桶冬天不隙缝,夏天不变形。当然谢二爸的桶生意始终未曾作大,最远卖到华阳,进不了成都省。他把8个孩子抚养成人,熬过漫长艰难的岁月,70多岁作古也算善终。

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