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好文风不允许形容词“太凶”
2017-08-14 07:17:54 中国青年网
鲁闻恋
作文离不开遣词造句。好的文风,除了思想内容正确,还要看语法修辞的运用。内容好,修辞手法也好,文章就生动活泼、引人入胜;光有好的内容,而没有好的表达,说出来的话硬邦邦的,人们就会不爱看,就会影响宣传的效果和质量。
现在,文章材料中一个突出问题,就是语言太硬、“形容词太凶”。比如,受到启发必曰“脑洞大开”,动人心弦则曰“敲响耳膜”。汪曾祺有一次开玩笑说:“什么叫‘绚丽’?我到现在也不知道什么叫‘绚丽’嘛。”这是对那些“太凶”的形容词形象的讽刺。
“有本之言必不险,有用之言必不怪。”一些人有一个错觉,好像越是高声大气、声嘶力竭,就越能吸引人、打动人。事实正好相反。那些虚夸之语,往往使人觉得空洞不实、言不由衷。明代人茅坤说他作文时,“屋瓦皆为之动”,王夫之讽刺他“说得恁狰狞可畏!”而实际上,有道理语不必惊人,自能令人家心里点头。
王夫之在《夕堂永日绪论》中有云:“文章本静业……而竞躁之心胜,其落笔皆如椎击,刻画愈极,得理愈浅。”我们看鲁迅的文章,往往于平淡处见真挚,于白描处现力量。“今天晚上,很好的月光”,淡淡的描述中,透出多么幽远的意境;“苍黄的天底下,远近横着几个萧索的荒村,没有一些活气”,平平的叙述中,含有多么深沉的悲凉。
文风体现出党风。“一切不良文风都是不符合党的性质、宗旨的,都是同党肩负的历史使命相背离的。”它严重影响真抓实干、影响执政成效,必须大力纠正,切实加以改进。
改进文风,需要脚踏实地,深入基层,向前辈学习,向人民学习,向经典学习。
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