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应对次生灾害 至少做两件事

2017-08-14 07:06:55   中国青年网

中科院院士崔鹏(左一)在九寨沟树正寨了解受灾情况。川报全媒体集群记者 华小峰 摄

中科院专家实地考察次生地灾,在接受本报记者采访时提出——

□本报记者 熊筱伟 付真卿

地震发生后,许多人关心九寨沟的受损情况如何,应如何做好泥石流灾害防治工作。8月13日,中国科学院院士崔鹏和中科院成都山地灾害与环境研究所副所长陈晓清在九寨沟开展震后次生地质灾害实地考察时,接受了本报记者采访。

防止次生灾害对景点的破坏

记者:九寨沟震后的地灾防治有何特点?

崔鹏:和汶川特大地震相比,此次九寨沟地震也是在地震活跃的高山区,且高山坡度较陡,在地震作用下容易激发次生地质灾害。但和汶川不同的是,九寨沟是一个全球知名的旅游区,在这里我们除了保护人的生命安全以外,还要关注对景观的保护,防止次生灾害对景点的破坏。而在九寨沟,次生地质灾害也确实可能对景点产生影响。

记者:应对次生地质灾害,您有何建议?

崔鹏:除了对已经出现的地质灾害加紧整治外,后期应对次生地质灾害至少有两件事要做。第一,地震后有些山坡已经垮了下来,有些山坡结构损坏了但没垮下来。对这些震损的山坡,需要进一步分析以确定震损部位及稳定性。第二,需要对景区内现有泥石流治理工程做系统调查与效益分析。九寨沟里有33条泥石流沟,其中有17条可能对当地居民、景点产生威胁的泥石流沟已经得到治理,从目前结果来看,这些工程运行效果不错。但是地震可能会改变泥石流形成条件,原来的工程是否需要补充或加强,需要开展系统调查与效益分析。

泥石流灾害是可以控制的

记者:除了因地震造成的损伤,目前九寨沟景区内也存在泥石流等次生灾害的风险,怎么防范?

陈晓清:过去大家只看到九寨沟的美丽,可能不知道,九寨沟从诞生开始,就一直受到泥石流的威胁。历史上九寨沟内曾多次发生泥石流,树正寨还曾经被冲毁过。1985年,政府针对九寨沟的泥石流灾害做过一次深度治理,采取了很多措施,并且取得了非常好的效果。例如镜海,一个标志性的景观就是沟尾的那几棵树,但实际上过去那些树是在海子中间的,每年发生的泥石流都将其往前推进,1985年治理后,到现在那几棵树基本还在原来的位置,说明我们的控制是有效的。地震之后,泥石流的物源肯定有所增加,所以现在先要检查一下此前我们修筑的防控设施的受损情况,再考虑是否要增加新的措施。

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