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关键是优化杠杆结构(专家观点)

2017-08-14 06:13:09   中国青年网

去杠杆,从本质上来说是要营造一个良好的经济金融生态,其关键是要优化杠杆结构,提升杠杆质量。一方面,鼓励和支持金融机构通过市场化、法治化的方式,继续对重点行业推进债务重组,优化企业债务结构;另一方面,要加快多层次资本市场建设,支持符合条件的企业通过资本市场获取资金,提高直接融资比重,降低融资成本。同时,应支持金融机构创新,提供包括债权、股权等多种形式的融资,提升金融服务的效率和水平。

今年以来,我国企业去杠杆取得积极进展,但仍存在一些问题。比如,国企肩负着经济增长、职工安置等重任,去杠杆过程中出现政府部门干预或地方保护主义。国企去杠杆如果缺乏有效手段,可能会造成国有资产流失。

下一步,应在控制总杠杆率的前提下,把降低国有企业杠杆率作为重中之重。其中,市场化债转股和兼并重组应成为重点攻坚方向。市场化债转股未来应扩大到更多负债率较高、产品有市场、有竞争能力的实体经济行业和企业。兼并重组是国企去杠杆的有效途径,有利于提高国企的资源整合和使用效率,进而降低企业杠杆。由于国企的高杠杆率和产能过剩问题经常同时出现、相互交织,推进国企兼并重组还应与去产能工作有效结合。

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