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庄河沿海黑脸琵鹭逐年增多

2017-08-13 06:11:56   中国青年网

张春雷 摄

本报讯(记者巴家伟)8月初,市环保志愿者协会8名环保志愿者在庄河三河口湿地观测到131只黑脸琵鹭,比去年多出29只。此前观测到的数据为2013年77只,2014年85只,2016年102只。黑脸琵鹭俗称“鸟中大熊猫”,对环境要求极为苛刻,是生态环境的指示性物种,其数量的稳定增长与繁殖栖息地生态环境质量改善密切相关。庄河沿海黑脸琵鹭数量逐年增长的态势说明,这里适合其生存的生态环境质量保持稳定。

辽宁师范大学生命科学学院教授张恒庆介绍,黑脸琵鹭是中等体型的珍稀水鸟,身长约为74至82厘米,体羽白色,特别是它那长长的黑色嘴形似中国民族乐器琵琶,而且其脸面部皮肤也是黑色的,与黑色嘴融为一体,故称之为黑脸琵鹭。它的取食方法很特别,是用嘴在海水中来回划拉,民间称其为“海划拉”。黑脸琵鹭是仅次于朱鹮的第二种最濒危的鸟类,上世纪90年代,已是只剩下几百只的种群。在1989年被国际自然资源物种保护联盟(IUCN)收录至濒危物种红皮书——《亚洲鸟类红皮书》名录中。在我国,黑脸琵鹭为二级野生保护动物。资料显示,目前世界上仅发现两处黑脸琵鹭繁殖地,其中一处就是位于辽宁省庄河市石城乡形人坨和王家镇元宝岛的沿海地区。

黑脸琵鹭每年4月陆续从南方飞来,到达庄河繁殖地筑巢进行繁殖,7月下旬亲鸟带幼鸟陆续离开繁殖地,栖息在庄河三河口附近的滩涂、沼泽浅水池塘中,至10月下旬陆续飞到中国台湾南部地区等地过冬。

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