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用光年计量的理想

2017-08-12 04:17:58   中国青年网

走进南京大学天文与空间科学学院实验室,十几张不到1平方米的课桌上摆满了各类物理学专著,几名学生正站靠窗的望远镜前热烈地讨论最近的研究课题。“宇宙里藏着神话、艺术和科学,藏着人类文化的密码,我们心向往之。”自称“追星”一族的丁文隽告诉记者,他自幼就经常随父亲逛天文科技馆,浩瀚而神秘的宇宙令他着迷。“高考填报志愿时,我毫不犹豫地报考了天体物理学专业,父母也非常支持我的决定。”

作为长线学科,天文学准入门槛过高、就业面狭窄,一度被贴上“冷门”专业的标签。“5年前,南大天文专业的第一志愿录取率不到50%,很多毕业生面临着‘另谋生计’的局面。”南京大学天文与空间科学学院院长周济林说,近年来,随着国家经济的发展,学生选专业不再以“找饭碗”为目的,越来越多爱好天文的学生主动投入到天文学研究中,而不是被迫调剂。

“天文专业并不‘高冷’,但很磨炼人的耐性。只要耐得住性子,坐得住‘冷板凳’,就能发现其中的趣味。”对于该学院的学生张晨而言,研究宇宙是一个很开心、很纯粹的过程,同时又有一种义不容辞的使命感。“我始终觉得,我们这一代人没有父辈们的生存压力,更应承担起中国天文基础研究的责任,助力国家天文事业的发展”。

“除了学生选择专业的导向发生变化外,国家对基础研究投入的重视也是天文学科升温的另一个重要原因。”周济林说,近年来,随着我国综合国力的大幅提升,国家越发重视对基础研究的投入,先后建造了500米口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)、郭守敬望远镜、暗物质科学卫星“悟空”等天文学大科学装置。“这些大科学装置观测收集的海量数据,需要大量优秀的天文学家、物理学家去分析研究。”

“双一流”建设也带来了新的动力,越来越多的高校设立天文学专业、恢复天文学系。2012年,厦门大学恢复设立天文学系;2013年,上海交通大学将物理系更名为物理与天文系;2015年,中山大学成立物理与天文学院——天文学在高校兴起已然成为一种趋势。

“天文学是基础学科中不可或缺的成分,目前物理学最前沿的领域,如中微子、宇宙加速膨胀、暗物质、暗能量等研究,都与天文学密不可分。”南京大学天文与空间科学学院党委书记顾秋生认为,中国天文事业的发展离不开高校的支持,恢复天文学系只是开始。“随着国家对基础科学研究的重视,未来在宇宙探索、深空探测方面的人才需求还会增加,天文学专业的发展前景会更加广阔。”顾秋生说。

(作者:郑晋鸣 冯简)

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