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事与愿违?美研究:低热量饮料和食物或导致增重和糖尿病
中国日报网8月11日电(严玉洁) 据英国《每日电讯报》8月10日报道,一项新研究显示,低糖饮料和食物可能反而会导致体重增加并引发糖尿病。这是因为人们在食用这类饮料和食物时,大脑会误读摄入的热量,进而导致新陈代谢降低。
美国耶鲁大学的研究人员扫描了15个人的大脑,将他们喝低糖饮料和常规饮料时的情况进行对比,并监测身体在不同状况下各燃烧了多少热量。
研究人员发现,如果食物的甜度和热量“不匹配”,身体就会停止燃烧摄入的热量。一般说来,甜度代表着热量,甜度越高热量就越高,所以大脑会认为两者是同时出现、相互匹配的。若非如此,大脑就会判定没有那么多热量需要燃烧。
该大学医学院精神病学教授达娜·斯莫尔总结说:“关于越高的热量触发越快的新陈代谢和大脑反应的假设是错误的,卡路里只占这个等式的一半,另一半是甜味。”低热量的饮料和食物没那么甜,这种情况下摄入的热量就不能触发身体的新陈代谢。此外,大脑中的奖赏回路(reward circuit)也没有记下已经被消耗掉的热量,这就会导致人们吃得更多。
英国国家肥胖论坛的塔姆·弗里说:“这项研究应该足以让你相信,无论是饮料还是食物中的人工成分,尽管它们也许听上去很健康,但都可以把你的身体系统搞得一团糟。它们可能不含热量,但并非不会产生影响,糖尿病仅仅是其中之一。”根据此前的研究,人工甜味剂会升高血糖,或许还会引发糖尿病。
不过,也有一些英国专家对此持怀疑态度。格拉斯哥大学代谢医学教授萨塔尔(Naveed Sattar)说:“目前没有强力有的证据表明,低热量饮料对人有害。不过却有更强有力且一致的证据证明,含糖饮料与更高的糖尿病风险有关。总体来说,我建议人们用水代替含糖量高的饮料。如果做不到,那么低糖饮料仍然是防止蛀牙的更好选择。”
(编辑:党超峰 高琳琳)
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