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欧洲“毒鸡蛋”风波五问

2017-08-11 10:19:24   中国青年网

这是8月9日在比利时布鲁塞尔拍摄的市场出售的鸡蛋。 新华社记者 叶平凡 摄

自7月下旬曝光之后,“毒鸡蛋”风波近日在欧洲愈演愈烈,西欧多国均遭波及,民众甚至“谈蛋色变”:就连吃个鸡蛋都可能中毒。欧洲的食品安全检验一向以严格著称,此时发生“毒鸡蛋”事件,除了生产者和消费者均要承受代价外,监管部门还需要给公众一个合理的说法,确保类似事件不再重演。

什么是“毒鸡蛋”

此次风波中的“毒鸡蛋”,指的是受到杀虫剂氟虫腈污染的鸡蛋。氟虫腈可以杀灭跳蚤、螨和虱,但如果人大量食用,可能导致肝功能、肾功能和甲状腺功能损伤,因此被世界卫生组织列为“对人类有中度毒性”的化学品。

欧盟和欧洲多国对于氟虫腈的使用都有严格规定。欧盟法律规定,氟虫腈不得用于人类食品产业链的畜禽养殖过程,食品中的氟虫腈残留不能超过每千克中0.005毫克。据悉,已经发现的一些“毒鸡蛋”中的氟虫腈含量并不高,对成人的危害尚待确定,但可以肯定对儿童的健康不利。

“毒鸡蛋”源头在哪儿

“毒鸡蛋”今年6月初最先在比利时发现,但这些鸡蛋是从荷兰进口。荷兰经过调查发现,污染源头是荷兰一家名为“鸡之友”的农场杀虫服务公司,其客户不仅包括荷兰180家农场,也涉及法国、英国、德国和波兰的农场。不过据荷兰和比利时的媒体报道,“鸡之友”公司对调查人员表示,该公司的杀虫剂是从比利时一家供货商买到的。而这家供货商被控故意将氟虫腈掺入到给鸡使用的抗寄生虫产品中。另外比利时检查部门调查发现,该国两家专门生产杀虱剂的厂商将原本合法用于饲养鸡的杀虫药混合了非法有害物质,以加强药力。

波及哪些国家

目前已知发现“毒鸡蛋”的国家有荷兰、比利时、德国、法国和英国。

荷兰食品安全部门调查发现,在180家使用“鸡之友”公司杀虫服务的农场中,147家农场的鸡蛋含有氟虫腈成分。在这147家问题农场中,1家农场产的鸡蛋“不宜食用”,58家农场产的鸡蛋“儿童不宜食用”,其他农场产的鸡蛋含有氟虫腈,但含量较低,可酌情食用。

德国食品和农业部8月7日说,至少有1000万枚“毒鸡蛋”从荷兰运进德国,德国所有16个联邦州均发现了被污染的鸡蛋。另外,在下萨克森州的4个养鸡场里,同样也发现了氟虫腈。

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