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关注留学生心理健康

2017-08-11 08:33:49   央广网

日前,加拿大滑铁卢大学传来噩耗,一名留学生因压力过大在学校宿舍自杀。近年来,留学生在国外自杀事件不时见诸报端,使人们将关注的目光投向留学生心理健康问题。

留学压力不仅限于名校

近年来,关于留学生自杀案的报道不时见诸报端或网络,出现问题的留学生以名校学生居多。名校留学生的心理健康问题一直是家长和学生不可忽视的重要话题。

名校留学生上演自杀悲剧,令人扼腕,引人深思。究其原因,一些留学生认为,其一,名校淘汰率高,功课难度大,竞争力强,对学生的综合素质要求很高,在这样的高标准下,不能按时毕业的留学生也不在少数;其二,名校普遍学费高昂,造成留学生的经济负担较重。此外,不少留学生表示,无论是入读名校还是普通院校,都会受到来自课业、生活、情感、社交等方面的压力。这些因素叠加,会使身处其中的留学生承受很大的心理压力。如果心理承受能力较差,处理不好个人情绪,再不及时做心理疏导,就容易出现抑郁甚至是自杀的极端行为。

颜舒彦就读于加拿大约克大学。她说,压力主要来自于父母的期望和自我期望。“在异国的日子里,孤独感十分强烈。但我对家里从来都是报喜不报忧。临近期末考试,我的心理压力很大,担心因挂科而辜负家人对我的期望。”

低龄生心理不成熟且脆弱

随着留学门槛的降低,中国家庭经济收入水平的不断提高,越来越多的中国家长将孩子送到国外学习,留学也出现了低龄化趋势。媒体披露的低龄留学生自杀案例,令家长们越来越关注小留学生的海外生活的适应性问题。

颜舒彦中学时期便前往加拿大读书。她坦言,当初自己遇事受挫时很容易钻牛角尖,一旦事情无法达到自己预期的结果,就会万分沮丧。那时,自己年纪太小,不懂得如何发泄情绪,更谈不上管理情绪。“这是一种非常危险的状态。当时和我同龄的一些留学生中,就有因无法及时排遣负面情绪,最后发展成抑郁症,甚至自杀的。”

毋庸置疑,在心理和生理方面,许多低龄留学生不及成年出国留学的人成熟。杨心怡就读于英国杜伦大学。她说:“低龄留学生年纪小,环境适应和抗压能力较弱,而且正处在青春期,往往敏感、迷茫、缺乏安全感,所以最需要父母在精神上给予关注和引导。”

泰勒宁(化名)就读于泰国东方大学。他认为,许多低龄留学生居住在寄宿家庭中,陌生的生活环境和沟通能力的缺乏,让他们无法尽快融入当地文化,从而增加了抑郁和自杀的可能性。

学会自我疏导并主动寻求帮助

留学考验的不只是一个人的智力水平和学习能力,还有适应环境和对抗压力的能力。如果留学生的心理年龄小,那么在海外生活和学习过程中,遇到“坎”就可能迈不过去。虽然因心理压力过大而引发的暴力犯罪或自杀行为在留学生中属于个案,但也引发了我们对于留学生心理健康问题的关注。

夏菲就读于加拿大西安大略大学。她说:“要学会寻求帮助,多参加学校组织的社团和活动。结交新朋友有利于融入当地人的生活圈,切莫被自闭心理和孤独感笼罩。”

泰勒宁说:“在遇到困难时,要学会自我疏导,换一种角度去思考。处于困难中的留学生要明白,你并不是唯一遭遇不顺的人,世界上有许多留学生会遇到和你一样的问题。既然别人能够克服困难,你也一定可以做到。”这既是事实,也是一种自我疏导。

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