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查韦斯兄长等人遭美制裁 美石油行业不愿躺枪

2017-08-11 07:16:14   中国青年网

美国政府近日连续发出针对委内瑞拉官员的制裁。9日,美国财政部又宣布制裁8名委官员,包括委内瑞拉前总统乌戈·查韦斯的兄长阿丹·查韦斯,理由是他们参与组织和支持委制宪大会。

【连续制裁官员】

美国财政部的声明说,美国将制裁8名委内瑞拉前任或现任官员,措施包括冻结他们在美国境内的资产、禁止他们进入美国、禁止美国个人和企业与他们做生意。这8名受美方制裁的人包括阿丹·查韦斯、6名制宪大会代表以及1名军人。

阿丹是查韦斯长兄,现年64岁。他曾任委内瑞拉文化部长,还在他的家乡巴里纳斯州担任过近十年州长。他现在的职务是制宪大会总统委员会秘书。

7月30日,委内瑞拉举行制宪大会选举。8月4日,制宪大会正式成立。委政府希望重新制定宪法,以解除反对派占多数的议会的权力,但委反对派坚决抵制制宪大会,认为其严重违宪。为警告委内瑞拉政府不要“破坏民主”,美国财政部7月26日宣布制裁委内瑞拉13名现任或前政府官员,当月31日又宣布对委内瑞拉总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗实施制裁。

美联社评论,对委内瑞拉官员来说,来自美国的制裁相当于“荣誉勋章”,他们常常在受制裁后受到提拔。

【美石油业:别碰我的奶酪】

美国政府7月曾警告,还将对委内瑞拉实施强硬、速效的经济制裁,但至今未见落实。

美联社报道,美国能源企业及其所在州的议员接连向总统唐纳德·特朗普写信,呼吁不要因制裁委内瑞拉而损害美国经济利益。

委内瑞拉是美国的第三大石油供应国。美国能源信息局的数据显示,雪佛龙石油公司、瓦莱罗能源公司、雪铁戈石油公司等9家美国企业加工来自委内瑞拉的原油。这些企业的炼油厂处理的多为重质原油,要寻找替代的进口源难度大且成本高。

美联社报道,美国燃料和石化产品制造商协会已两度写信提醒特朗普,美国其他的重质原油供应国、即加拿大、墨西哥和哥伦比亚不足以替代委内瑞拉向美国供应足够的重质原油。信中说,一些炼油厂转而从沙特阿拉伯进口原油,导致成本升高,“可能严重影响美国消费市场的油价”。

该协会总裁切特·汤普森说:“我们想确保不出现意想不到的后果,从而令美国炼油业受到的伤害比马杜罗政府所受伤害还大。”

汤普森说,他们从7月初就开始奔走游说,“我们认为这些家伙(美国国会和政府)在这个问题上足够精明,当然我们没有收到任何承诺或保证,但我们已经尽力”。

美联社还援引消息人士的话证实,6名分别来自得克萨斯州、密西西比州和路易斯安那州的共和党议员上月28日向特朗普写信,认为对委内瑞拉的经济制裁弊大于利,可能危及墨西哥湾周边几个州共计52.5万个炼油业就业岗位。(郭倩)(新华社专特稿)

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