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肯尼亚发现1300万年前猿类幼崽头骨 或许是人类始祖

2017-08-10 11:47:39   

 
阿莱西的头骨。(图片来源:英国媒体)

中国日报网8月10日电(严玉洁)据英国《每日电讯报》8月9日报道,肯尼亚近年发现了一只生活在1300万年前的猿类幼崽的头骨。科学家们在进行长期研究后认为,这是目前已知的最完整的灭绝猿类的头骨,或许可以代表人类最早祖先的样子。

肯尼亚化石勘探者约翰·埃库西在该国图尔卡纳胡以西的纳普德地区的古代岩层里发现了这个猿类幼崽的头骨,它属于猿类中的尼安扎皮采屈斯(Nyanzapithecus)物种。这个新标本已经被命名为尼安扎皮采屈斯·阿莱西,阿莱西是图尔卡纳语中祖先的意思。

阿莱西去世时只有16个月大,它的头骨和柠檬大小差不多。和长臂猿一样,阿莱西的鼻子比较小;不过颅骨内部的扫描显示,其耳朵更接近于黑猩猩和人类。伦敦大学学院进化解剖学教授弗雷斯·斯普尔说:“长臂猿以其在树上的快速和杂技般的行动而出名。但是阿莱西的内耳表明,它在行动时更谨慎。”

该研究的第一作者、纽约州立大学石溪分校的以赛亚·内恩戈表示:“尼安扎皮采屈斯·阿莱西是1000多万年前生活在非洲的灵长类动物之一。这一发现证实这个群体与现存猿类和人类的起源关系密切,并且这个起源是在非洲。”

加拿大罗格斯大学地质与人类学教授克雷格·费贝尔补充说:“我们在纳普德地区看到了1300万年前非洲的景观。附近的火山埋葬了这只猿类幼崽居住的森林,让其化石和无数树木得以保存下来。它还给我们提供了关键性的火山矿物,我们可以借此追溯化石的年代。”

这项研究成果已经发表在《自然》杂志上。

(编辑:周凤梅)

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