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为什么受伤的又是四川?

2017-08-10 07:05:00   中国青年网

8月9日凌晨,在四川阿坝州九寨沟县漳扎镇一处旅游设施内,武警官兵展开救援。 新华社 发

本报综合消息

8月8日21时19分,中国地震台网正式测定:四川阿坝藏族羌族自治州九寨沟县发生7.0级地震。“一方有难八方支援”,一时间关于九寨沟地震的消息牵动着亿万华夏儿女的神经……

此次四川九寨沟7.0级地震究竟属于什么地震类型?怎么看此次地震后的次生灾害?地震预警该如何发挥作用?记者于震后第一时间采访了中国地震台网中心地震预报部主任蒋海昆研究员及有关专家。

1问:四川九寨沟7.0级地震为何发生?

中国地震台网中心地震预报部主任蒋海昆说,从断层活动类型来看,这次地震是水平推挤,即“走滑型地震”。这也是中国大陆最常见的地震类型。

中国地震局地质研究所副所长徐锡伟说,本次地震震中位于岷江断裂、塔藏断裂和虎牙断裂附近,推测发震构造为塔藏断裂南侧分支和虎牙断裂北段。

2问:本次地震与“汶川地震”有关联吗?

蒋海昆表示,从断层活动类型来看,这次地震是水平推挤,即“走滑型地震”,这也是中国大陆最常见的地震类型。专家介绍,此次地震发生的地区是地震多发区域,地震震中位于岷江断裂、塔藏断裂和虎牙断裂附近,发震构造推测为塔藏断裂南侧分支和虎牙断裂北段。

蒋海昆表示,此次地震与“‘5·12’汶川地震”总体都属于巴颜喀拉块体周边的地震活动。巴颜喀拉块体为昆仑山东延部分,该块体地震较为活跃,巴颜喀拉块体正面推挤产生了“‘5·12’汶川地震”,这次地震与该块体南东向推挤有关系。

3问:为何近几年四川持续发生强震?

此次地震距汶川地震发生不到10年,为何相邻两地连续发生强震?蒋海昆介绍,从1976年开始,巴颜喀拉地块已成为整个中国西部7级地震的主体活跃地区。

据介绍,此次地震发生在岷江断裂带附近(距离小于30km),有历史记录以来,震中附近200公里范围内共发生5级以上地震26次。

4问:未来余震强度如何?

地震专家经过会商,判定震区近几日有可能发生较强余震。“目前认为存在6级左右的余震风险。”蒋海昆说。

形成上述判断的理由主要有两个方面。其一,该地曾发生过双震型地震,即1976年8月16日、8月23日先后发生在松潘—平武的两次7.2级地震;其二,作为7.0级地震,余震完全可能达到5.0级以上,而四川九寨沟7.0级地震的余震活动较弱,说明能量还未完全释放。

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