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新疆两大沙漠间建成180公里绿色长廊(组图)

2017-08-09 12:09:34   国际在线

新疆第二条出疆大通道218国道第二师塔里木垦区段 盖安娜摄

国际在线报道(记者盖安娜、刘文俊):中国西北新疆维吾尔自治区的塔里木垦区,地处塔克拉玛干与库姆塔格两大沙漠的夹缝之间,由于环境的不断恶化,两大沙漠正以每年5米以上的速度合拢,最窄处甚至不足2公里。两沙漠一旦合拢,不仅会加快中国土地荒漠化进程,还会使风沙越过河西走廊,长驱直入中国大部分地区。为防沙治沙,新疆生产建设兵团的6万多人居住在这里,植树护林,抵御沙漠移动。在他们的努力下,一条宽14公里、长180公里的人造绿化带赫然而立,成为沙漠中的绿色奇迹。

塔里木垦区常年缺水干旱,且土地盐碱化严重。在恶劣的气候与脆弱的生态环境下,生活在这里需要克服难以想象的困难。林业技术员于强说:“我们这里的沙尘暴十分频繁,一年中大的沙尘暴就有十六七次,一场沙尘暴刮过之后,唯一的交通要道就被黄沙掩埋了,费了大量人力财力种植的防沙林就更不用说了,看着刚种下不久的树苗们被吹跑或被掩埋在黄沙中,心里非常焦急。”

二十年前也就是1997年,大学毕业后的于强,放弃了繁华都市中优厚的酬劳,回到生养他的家乡,投身于林业建设。在不断的投入和探索下,以他为学科带头人的林业技术团队,经过无数次试验研究,终于成功利用灌溉农田的废弃排碱水,植活约70公顷的防沙固沙梭梭林,在水贵如油的大漠中,每年节约淡水资源近20万立方米。

于强的家乡新疆维吾尔自治区,面积166万平方公里,占中国国土面积约六分之一。位于新疆南部塔里木盆地中央的塔克拉玛干沙漠,面积33.7万平方公里,是中国最大也是世界第二大沙漠。以“屯垦戍边”为使命的新疆生产建设兵团,成立于1954年。多年来,兵团人在天山南北的戈壁荒漠和人烟稀少、环境恶劣的边境沿线,开荒造田,植树造林,建成了一个个农牧团场。于强所在的塔里木垦区,就是其中一个。

近年来中国加大植树造林和环境保护的力度,把防风固沙、改善生态环境作为促进地区发展和农业可持续发展的要事来抓,每年投入大量资金、物力、人力用于植树造林、退耕还林。在塔里木垦区,于强和他的团队在驻地周边的荒漠里栽种沙枣、胡杨、梭梭与红柳等植被,建成了生态环境保护林、经济效益林、道路林、农田防护林、居民绿化林“五道生态屏障”。昔日的不毛之地,今天森林覆盖面积已达33%。防护林仿佛一道绿色的长城,横亘在两大沙漠之间,巍然屹立在大漠前沿。

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