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九寨沟7.0级地震为何发生?余震强度如何? 专家解析

2017-08-09 11:13:37   中国青年网

来源:中国新闻网

中新社北京8月9日电 题:九寨沟7.0级地震七疑问 专家逐一解析

中新社记者 张素

四川省阿坝州九寨沟7.0级地震8日夜发生后,中新社记者采访相关专家,对此次地震的七大疑问逐一进行了解析。

——四川九寨沟7.0级地震为何发生?

中国地震台网中心地震预报部主任蒋海昆说,从断层活动类型来看,这次地震是水平推挤,即“走滑型地震”。这也是中国大陆最常见的地震类型。

中国地震局地质研究所副所长徐锡伟说,本次地震震中位于岷江断裂、塔藏断裂和虎牙断裂附近,推测发震构造为塔藏断裂南侧分支和虎牙断裂北段。

——本次地震与“5·12汶川地震”有关联吗?

蒋海昆说,两次地震谈不上有直接关联,“只是总体都属于巴颜喀拉块体周边的地震活动”。

巴颜喀拉块体为昆仑山东延部分,该块体地震较为活跃。蒋海昆说,巴颜喀拉块体正面推挤产生了“5·12汶川地震”,这次地震则与该块体南东向推挤有关系。

——该地是否常发地震?

中国地震台网中心数据显示,此次震中周边200千米内,近百年共发生5级以上地震49次,最大震级是1933年8月25日阿坝州理县7.5级地震。

蒋海昆说,20世纪70年代末以来,中国大陆地区发生的7级以上地震主要发生在巴颜喀拉块体,“近年来地震集中发生在该块体的东段,也就是四川盆地”。

——未来余震强度如何?

地震专家经过会商,判定震区近几日有可能发生较强余震。“目前认为存在6级左右的余震风险。”蒋海昆说。

形成上述判断的理由主要有两个方面。其一,该地曾发生过双震型地震,即1976年8月16日、8月23日先后发生在松潘—平武的两次7.2级地震;其二,作为7.0级地震,余震完全可能达到5.0级以上,而四川九寨沟7.0级地震的余震活动较弱,说明能量还未完全释放。

——会发生哪些次生灾害?

蒋海昆认为,当地近期降雨量大,震后山体松垮,极可能出现滑坡,为救援带来难度。他还说,九寨沟的景色源于数百年前发生大型地震后出现的堰塞湖,这次会否再出现堰塞湖,还需要根据现场情况进行研判。

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