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职教对接新能源汽车产业如何“挂挡”起步

2017-08-09 09:39:49   央广网

“根据‘十三五’国家战略性新兴产业发展规划,我国到2020年新能源汽车产业规模将达到10万亿元。目前,无论是零部件企业、整车企业,还是服务企业,面临的核心问题都是人才,特别是产业工人和服务人员。”近日,北京理工大学主办的新能源汽车国家大数据联盟成立大会上,北京交通大学新能源研究所所长张维戈的发言引起了与会者的关注。

目前,我国新能源汽车产业已从培育期进入成长期,产业规模处于世界前列。在这种情况下,肩负着为产业输送技能人才重任的职业院校该如何应对产业需求?是否做好了准备?记者对此进行了采访。

北京市密云区职业学校汽修专业室主任、北京市汽车运用与维修专业理事会理事刘凤良告诉记者,该校在原有的汽修专业中增加了新能源汽车相关课程,建立了混合动力实验室和纯电动车实验室。而北京昌平、大兴、丰台等区的中职学校都已经开设了纯电动汽车专业。“北京市政府也在积极扶持,已在北京市汽修师资培训基地组织了两期师资培训”。

教育部节能与新能源汽车专业协作组专家、交通行业职业教育教学指导委员会委员霍扬告诉记者:“去年交通行职委汽车专指委开了一次会,到会的100多所学校中90%已经开始或计划开设相关专业和课程,并且强烈要求教育部组织制定相关标准,表现得十分积极主动。”

然而,虽然产业迅速发展,学校积极响应,新能源汽车人才培养似乎又陷入了“校热企冷”的尴尬。

霍扬告诉记者,去年自己调研一个开设新能源汽车专业的学校发现,该专业有的班级全班没有一个学生真正进入新能源汽车企业就业。“一方面,新能源汽车需要的维修人员比传统汽车要少;另一方面,行业还不成熟,对人员的专业程度要求没有想象的那么高”。

记者了解到,暑假期间,很多学校新能源汽车相关专业的教师都在到处参加培训,以更好地了解企业对人才的需求。然而,从学校的反馈看,从企业那里得到的信息非常有限。

“以电动汽车维修为例,到底市场保有多少辆车才需要配一名维修人员、总量需要多少,现在并没有一个权威的数据。我们强调职业教育要对接行业标准、行业岗位、岗位能力,现在这些也都没有。”霍扬说。

工信部装备工业司汽车处处长白华告诉记者:“随着新能源汽车保有量快速增长,电池老化、运行维护售后服务相对滞后等问题不容忽视。”这意味着,企业目前用人要求不高的现状实际上也是困扰企业发展的瓶颈。那么,学校该如何克服起步阶段的困难,为未来可能到来的人才需求做好储备呢?

张维戈认为,要在职业学校和企业之间建立稳定的人才培养和信息交换渠道。“此次,北京理工大学和一汽、东风、上汽、北汽以及中国汽车工业协会等近200家单位成立的新能源汽车国家大数据联盟实际上就可以起到这样的作用——开发利用新能源汽车数据资源,为企业和教育发展提供支持”。

霍扬还提醒说:“学校应该从容地进行新能源汽车专业建设,有的学校想通过设置新专业实现弯道超车,这个愿望很好,但是实际上不现实,还不到这个时候。”在他看来,在职业教育领域新能源汽车产业所涉及的一些专业在某些方面不必区分过细,“我们专门调研过德国的情况,很少有学校单独就新能源汽车去开一个专业,主要是在传统专业里加一门或几门课,但是要取得一个资质才能上岗。”

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