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从F35到肥胖的士兵 俄媒盘点美军“五大病症”

2017-08-09 09:09:55   国际在线

【环球网军事8月9日报道】“从问题不断的F-35战斗机到肥胖的士兵,美国武装力量到底哪里生病了?”俄罗斯卫星网7日试图为五角大楼“把脉”,列举了美军最近暴露出的一系列严重问题。

●麻烦的F-35。只要一提起洛克希德·马丁公司研制的F-35第五代联合攻击战斗机,美国媒体就会将其称为“国家灾难”“一个万亿级的错误”。该公司花了17年的时间才生产出这款隐形战斗机,但在过去两年中,F-35战斗机故障不断,包括软件错误、飞行员头盔安全问题等。

此外,美军被迫对F-35战斗机项目投入远比计划多得多的资金。据称,五角大楼为最新一批F-35战斗机向洛克希德·马丁公司额外支付了37亿美元。

●战斗力问题。虽然这有可能只是试图从国会争取更多国防预算,但最近美军高官们的确经常抱怨武装力量的战斗准备程度低。美国防长马蒂斯在参议院武装力量事务委员会听证会上发言时表示,“对(战斗力下降的)事态感到震惊”。当然,一切罪过在于削减经费。不过美国媒体强调,部队战斗力下降问题不仅在于削减武装力量的经费,还在于裁员。

●军队变革问题。《国家利益》杂志军事史专家道格拉斯·麦格雷戈认为,美军正因没做好激烈变革准备的老将军们而陷于崩溃。

麦格雷戈认为,除非美国出现一个受过良好教育的强硬派防长,迫使将领们不再向陈旧技术投入巨资,否则他们仍旧用上世纪70年代的眼光看待未来战争,美军失去的可能就不仅是资金了,而是更多。

●士兵超重问题。英国《泰晤士报》曾以“美国的超级军队在同超级体重作斗争时处于下风”为题报道了这个问题。美国《军事时报》记者援引2016年的五角大楼数据称,8%的美国军人深受体重超重困扰,而2001年的这一比例仅为1.6%。报道称,这种趋势的原因不是很明显,士兵超重的根源有可能在于体育锻炼不足、饮食不健康或者“千禧一代”久坐不动的生活方式。

●自杀问题。2001年有145名现役美军士兵自杀。2012年,这一数字上升到321人,几乎增加了一倍。《今日美国》网站2016年称,在过去7年内,五角大楼没能降低现役军人自杀的数字。美国学者始终无法弄明白,到底是什么因素导致美军士兵自杀人数居高不下。有人猜测可能与美国卷入军事行动有关:在美国在伊拉克和阿富汗开展战争行动的背景下,士兵自杀率明显上升。▲ (魏云峰)

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