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美媒鼓吹印度造军舰能力提升:自造航母和核潜艇

2017-08-09 09:09:55   国际在线

【环球网军事8月9日报道】美国战略之页网站8月7日发表题为《印度的水面舰艇制造能力变得富有竞争力》的报道称,2017年7月,印度造船厂完成了印度建造的第一艘出口军舰。这艘为斯里兰卡海军建造的近海巡逻舰长105米,重2400吨。这艘斯里兰卡海军“萨尤拉尔”号巡逻舰是基于已经为印度海军建造的四艘近海巡逻舰建成的。

与同等大小军舰相比,近海巡逻舰通常携带较少的武器,从而携带更多用于登船和检查舰船以及应对搜救行动的装备。十多年来,印度还一直在为其自身和外国建造吨位更小的近海巡逻舰。

斯里兰卡海军的这艘近海巡逻舰配备118名舰员,装备一门76毫米舰炮和两门AK-630近防炮(类似美国的“密集阵”),以及用于防御反舰导弹的四部箔条发射器。

巡逻舰上还有一个直升机停机坪和机库。这种巡逻舰没有反舰、防空和反潜作战能力,但就斯里兰卡海军的这艘军舰而言,这些并不重要。这一类型的第二艘军舰将于2018年交付。每艘军舰的花费约为7400万美元。

三年前,印度海军首次接收了印度自主建造的四艘护卫舰中的第一艘(印度国产卡莫尔塔级反潜轻护舰的首舰“卡莫尔塔”号)。这些是印度自主建造的首批现代化水面舰艇。第二艘卡莫尔塔级军舰于2016年初开始服役,第三艘将于2017年底前投入使用,第四艘则将于2019年前投入使用。

印度也正在建造国产核潜艇。第一艘自行设计和建造的核动力潜艇、6000吨级的“歼敌者”号弹道导弹战略核潜艇完成了海上试航,并于2017年初做好服役准备。还有很多尚无法预见的技术问题需要解决。印度在常规潜艇方面仍然依赖外国供应,但是将再建造3艘弹道导弹核潜艇和6艘攻击型核潜艇。

就包括航空母舰在内的水面舰艇而言,印度计划从现在开始设计和建造自己的航空母舰。一艘航母已经在建造中。

印度长期以来一直希望建造自己的军舰,但是在发展必要的造船能力方面却起步很晚。然而,从20世纪90年代开始,印度开始着手发展能够为本国海军提供军舰的自主造船能力。发展速度相对较快,2013年当俄罗斯交付3艘塔尔瓦级护卫舰的最后一艘时,印度依赖外国提供军舰的历史也宣告结束。

P-17A“隐形”护卫舰的大小与印度上世纪90年代定制的首批3艘塔尔瓦级护卫舰相同。这些“隐形”塔尔瓦级护卫舰的上层建筑发生了改变,以减少雷达信号特征。同时还安装了改进的武器和电子设备,从而令其成为比原本的塔尔瓦级护卫舰更强大的军舰。

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