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俄军售持续发力:印尼购买苏35、越南订购T90

2017-08-08 09:58:47   国际在线

俄罗斯国家技术集团公司4日宣布,俄罗斯与印度尼西亚已经就销售俄制苏-35战斗机签定意向书。同一天,正在俄罗斯访问的印尼贸易部长卢基塔也在莫斯科透露,两国即将就印尼向俄罗斯购买苏-35战斗机正式签署合同。

越南官方新闻机构日前证实,越南已从俄罗斯订购64辆T-90S/SK主战坦克。据英国《简氏防务周刊》消息,这一订单总额达2.5亿美元,这是越南人民军多年来首个购买新型主战坦克的大额订单。

近年来,俄罗斯经济深受美国制裁之苦,增长乏力,亮点难寻,但它在军售领域的表现还算抢眼。俄罗斯国家技术集团公司国际合作和地区政策部主任维克托·克拉多夫日前表示,俄罗斯国防出口公司持有总额约500亿美元的订单,足够军工企业不间断工作3年,而2017年的军售合同相比2016年预计仍将有所增加。

俄罗斯对外军事技术转让和武器销售呈现出增长快、针对性强等特点。

根据俄罗斯官方公布的数据,2014年俄军备出口订单总额为102亿美元,2015年上升至145亿美元,2016年的数据超过150亿美元。分析人士认为,俄罗斯各类武器在叙利亚战场使用所产生的示范效应对欧美以外的很多国家产生了吸引力,包括阿尔及利亚、伊拉克、印尼、伊朗、沙特、越南、巴基斯坦和埃及在内的多个国家已经与俄罗斯签署了购买武器的新订单。

据俄《生意人-金钱》杂志统计,购买曾在叙利亚使用过的武器的订单总金额超过70亿美元。此外,俄罗斯军事专家还认为,俄罗斯在国际舞台上一直遵循“独立自主的政治路线”,也是促使很多国家向俄罗斯购买武器的原因之一。

目前,俄军售仍以亚太、非洲和拉丁美洲国家为主要对象,其中亚太市场占俄军售份额的60%,非洲占30%,拉丁美洲占5%。在吸引新订单的同时,俄罗斯也着意维护与传统军事合作伙伴之间的合作关系,如越南、印度等国。

俄罗斯是印度武器的最大供应商,从1960年开始,苏联和俄罗斯向印度提供的武器和军事装备总额达到500亿美元。俄罗斯直升机控股公司总经理安德烈·博金斯基最近透露,俄将在年底前与印度签署供应48架米-17B5军用运输直升机的合同,2018年开始执行。据印度媒体报道,这一合同金额约11亿美元。此外,两国已经签署俄向印度供应S-400“凯旋”防空系统的协议。双方还商定共同研发第五代战机。

引人注目的是,作为对俄贸易最少的东南亚国家之一,菲律宾与俄罗斯的军售合作也逐渐升温。杜特尔特就任菲律宾总统以来,一改此前菲律宾与美国交好的单边政策,向俄示好,并将军售和军事技术合作作为双方发展合作的重点领域之一。杜特尔特表示,希望向俄罗斯采购侦察装备、便携式防空导弹和轻型武器。

英国皇家国际问题研究所俄罗斯和欧亚项目研究员理查德、挪威国防研究组织费用分析项目科研负责人塞西莉都认为,由于俄在新兴市场的地位加强,对于那些与美国关系不和睦的国家而言,俄罗斯国防出口公司将靠大量订单维持住可靠武器供应国的地位。(新华社记者赵嫣)

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