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三类人群易患股骨头坏死

2017-08-08 05:03:34   中国青年网

医生现场进行义诊

■本报记者 凌剑伊 实习生 王新月 文/图

喝酒能够活血,却是股骨头坏死的病因之一?青少年股骨颈骨折,愈合意味着治疗成功了?长期服用大剂量激素,髋部无不适即可排除骨头坏死?8月6日,广西中医药大学第一附属医院(以下简称广中医)仙葫院区骨病创伤骨科、股骨头坏死专科针对这些问题和困惑,开展以“保髋路上我们携手同行 共建股骨头坏死之家”为主题的义诊活动,为广大市民送上一场护髋科普“大餐”,吸引了老中青大批粉丝。

当天,来自广中医仙葫院区骨病创伤骨科、股骨头坏死专科的曾平、黄肖华等专家“坐镇”,为大家讲述股骨头坏死病的病因及治疗方法。尤为备受关注的是,来自广州中医药大学第一附属医院副院长、国家重点学科中医骨伤学科股骨头坏死研究方向学科带头人何伟教授也莅临现场,作了一场精彩的保髋科普讲座。何伟指出,有数据显示股骨头坏死是中青年最常见的髋关节疾病,而大剂量使用糖皮质激素、酗酒、外伤史等则是导致股骨头坏死的三大“杀手”。

误区:股骨头坏死必瘫痪?事实上治疗及时不会致瘫

数据显示,股骨头坏死最为常见人群在20岁至40岁,外伤导致的股骨头坏死也呈逐年上升的趋势。其中,非创伤性股骨头坏死70%左右累及双侧。髋部疼痛、活动受限、行走能力下降甚至丧失为主要临床表现,危害十分严重。

讲座开始前,很多股骨头坏死患者互相交流就医经验、互诉就医史,大家确实有不同的担心。对于股骨头坏死,经常可以听到“不死的癌症”“第二骨癌”之类的比喻,以致很多人都将它等同于不治之症,以为患上这种病必将瘫痪、只能卧床等死。“这个病治不好的原因在于早期没有感觉,一期及二期早期没有任何症状,一旦发现已经晚期,所以治疗难度也相当大。”一些患者交流时说道。

“事实并非如此!”广中医仙葫院区骨二科股骨头坏死专家曾平教授指出,股骨头坏死治疗及时不仅不会瘫痪,而且可以规范应用现有的“保髋(保留患者自身股骨头)”与“换髋(人工关节置换)”等方法,使患者解除疼痛、基本恢复正常人的生活能力。

建议:早期发现可干预 “保髋”“换髋”切忌盲目

每一位发生疼痛的股骨头坏死患者都会面临“保髋”还是“换髋”的选择。曾平指出,非创伤性股骨头坏死人群70%是两侧都发病,经常是有一侧塌陷,通过核磁共振检查发现对侧也有坏死,所以通过核磁共振检查可以早期发现诊断干预,治疗预后会比较好。但曾平也指出,虽然早期股骨头坏死很难发现,但依然有规律可循,尤其是使用激素导致的股骨头坏死,比如系统性红斑狼疮、肾病综合征、血液病等病症,从开始使用大剂量糖皮质激素之后,半年内就要去做一次股骨头核磁共振检查,进行早期干预诊断。

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