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孩子假期沉迷游戏 国外怎么管

2017-08-07 15:03:56   中国青年网

漫长的暑假期间,很多家庭上演着“跟游戏抢孩子”的戏码,有些孩子已经陷入网络游戏中不能自拔。父母担心孩子玩电脑、手机等电子设备伤眼、伤脑、伤心智,恨不得完全隔离才好,一般的唠叨、训斥甚至没收等简单粗暴的办法已经不起作用。专家建议,父母首先要制定合理的规则加以约束,其次要多开展一些有趣的活动吸引孩子放下电子设备。

调查

适当“触屏” 有积极影响

国外的教育工作者对青少年玩电子游戏并不是百分之百地排斥,他们还给家长提供了一些兼具趣味性和教育性的儿童游戏,以便引导孩子通过游戏学习应该掌握的知识。美国爱荷华州立大学心理学和媒体学专家道格拉斯·金蒂尔说:“游戏能让人们放松,即使是学习,从游戏中学也会更有趣。”

英国牛津大学研究人员在今年1月出版的《心理学》杂志上发表论文说,对青少年而言,适当“触屏”有益心理健康。研究人员收集大约12万名15岁孩子的数字设备使用习惯,发现玩网络游戏、用电脑、刷手机对青少年的心理健康有“金发女孩效应”,也就是只要把握一定度、不超过极限就有益。论文作者之一安德鲁·普日贝尔斯基说:“我们发现,使用电子设备的负面影响仅是睡眠或早餐不规律的三分之一。”他认为,问题不仅仅在于孩子玩了多长时间网络游戏,更多地在于父母能不能提供一些更有趣的活动让孩子放下电子设备。

方式

应该积极面对、柔和掌控

家长们逐渐认识到,要纠正孩子们的网瘾,把他们从游戏中“拉”出来,绝非易事:打骂、没收电子设备等简单粗暴的方法越来越没有用,因为在现代社会,电子设备随处可见,很难禁绝。很多家长也不得不承认,正是他们自己把孩子带入网络游戏中的,有的家长为了能安静工作、料理家务或是休息片刻,指点孩子接触了电子设备和电子游戏,等孩子们越来越上瘾才后悔不迭。美国少儿发展研究所的专家指出,百分之百地禁止游戏已经不可能了,家长们应该用心平气和的方式来引导,最大限度地消除孩子们的逆反心理和行为。

■规则公平易执行

绝大多数孩子是愿意遵守家庭纪律的,尤其是当父母制订了公正且执行力强的规则时,孩子的态度也会趋于严谨。通常过于严厉的指责(比如“不许接触游戏”),或是界限模糊(比如“你只能玩一会儿”)的说法都很难奏效。因此规则越详细越好,在孩子按时完成作业、家务劳动和锻炼项目后,在假期可以允许每天玩一个半小时,并且不能晚于8点钟上床睡觉。一旦商定好之后就不能随意改变,那么孩子会认为得到了足够的尊重。

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