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人民时评:以治理提速回应创新加速

2017-08-07 14:03:00   中国青年网

对待创新,难的不是举双手赞同也不是一票否决,而是如何提供恰如其分的包容度

共享单车的异军突起,可能让社会治理有点措手不及。它随停随走、高效循环,切实有效地解决了出行中的“最后一公里”问题。但难题与惊喜一同到来,远超市场需求的投放以及乱停乱放,导致道路资源紧张;城市道路规划,与骑行人次的爆发不匹配;沉淀的押金数目越来越庞大,也可能会引发商业风险。

共享单车有很强的生命力,但它的发展也不能建立在牺牲城市公共道路资源使用效率的基础上。如何解决共享单车提出的命题,对公共治理的精准度是一个挑战。近日,交通部等10部门联合出台了《关于鼓励和规范互联网租赁自行车发展的指导意见》,较好地把握了行业发展与公共利益的平衡,既提出“实施鼓励发展政策”,又坚持问题导向,从规范停放、推行实名制、加强资金安全和信用管理等诸多方面,一一回应了共享单车发展中的真问题,为其后续发展确立了更清晰的行车道。

对待创新,难的不是举双手赞同也不是一票否决,而是如何提供恰如其分的包容度。这份指导意见,给出“因地制宜、因城施策,探索符合本地实际的发展模式”的建议,并非泛泛而谈,也不是把难题踢给下面。现实中,有的城市共享单车方兴未艾,有的城市可能已经处于饱和的临界点,发展的水位不同,治理的思路也自当不一样。

实现对新事物的精准治理,首先要从源头上厘清相关法律权利和责任。共享单车虽然很短时间内就遍布国内街头,登陆海外市场,为人们所熟悉并接受,但一些基本的治理权限和法律责任问题,仍存在空白。比如,能不能不经所在城市同意就进入?当地政府有没有权限控制总量?共享单车使用过程中发生意外,平台公司应该负什么责任?这份指导意见以文件的形式,进一步界定政府、企业与个人在管理、服务与使用过程中的权责关系,是规范共享单车行业发展的重要一步。

互联网时代,许多技术应用是集成式的,往往用起来容易规范起来难。共享单车就是如此,充值、扫码、蹬车,几个动作就牵涉到资金安全、信息安全、道路安全,人民银行、工信部、公安部、交通部都在链条之上,“自行车就归道路交通部门管”的传统治理思路已经不适用。坚持“多方共治”,正是精准治理的题中之义。

其实,不少城市共享单车已经海量,靠部门统筹协调还不够,还需要充分动用现代技术手段,实现线下治理的“线上化”。当停车需要与信用记录挂钩,当意外伤害需要理赔,实名制注册和使用就必不可少;为了保证共享单车的有序发展,大数据、电子围栏等技术也势在必行。在很大程度上,从网络约车到共享单车,技术的出现在倒逼着治理的跟进。而让技术改进和治理改善相得益彰,也是更高层面的共治。

在“互联网+”时代,层出不穷的新技术、新应用,不仅是社会发展的催化剂,也成为了公共治理的磨刀石。尤其是在共享经济、互联网支付这样的领域,我国已经成了领头羊,在治理方面没有别人的经验可以参考。不过,学骑车的经验告诉我们,看10本说明书,不如真正骑一次车。没有参考书可翻,就边发展边治理,这没什么可怕的。只要以精准治理取代“一放就乱、一管就死”的粗放管理,用治理的提速去回应创新的加速度,相信我们一定能找出社会创新与规范发展之间的最优解。

《 人民日报 》( 2017年08月07日 05 版)

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