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农业部:长江全面禁捕和渔民退捕转产实施方案年内出台

2017-08-06 20:01:56   央广网

央广网北京8月6日消息(记者沈静文)据中国之声《全国新闻联播》报道,“史上最严休渔制度”执行至今已超过三个月,今年上半年,我国海洋捕捞产量同比减少18%。农业部表示,当前,一些地方重捕捞产量的观念仍有待扭转,预计年内,长江全面禁捕和渔民退捕转产实施方案将出台。

我国自1995年起全面实施海洋伏季休渔制度。近年来,海洋渔业资源因长期衰退导致主要经济鱼类产卵期提前,一些渔民在休渔前捕捞产卵群体和幼鱼卖钱,对渔业资源破坏严重。此外,各海区休渔起止时间相差较大,导致休渔期间渔船跨区作业、休渔作业方式冒充非休渔作业方式等违规偷捕行为时有发生。为此,今年起,我国所有海区的休渔时间统一并延长为5月1日12时至8月16日12时,休渔类型扩大,休渔制度达到“史上最严”。

农业部渔业渔政局局长张显良介绍,休渔三个多月以来,渔业资源养护措施成效明显。与公安、海警、工商等部门协作,强化伏休执法,开展幼鱼保护行动,伏休秩序总体平稳;与沿海各省签订责任书,扎实推进渔船“双控”和减船转产,共减船4054艘,完成“十三五”减船总任务的20.27%;清理取缔各类违规渔具3万丈,拆解涉渔“三无”船舶3010艘。

数据显示,上半年,我国海洋捕捞产量同比减少18%,而水产品批发市场综合平均价格同比上涨1.45%,渔业减量增收、提质增效成效明显。但张显良也坦言,当前渔业无论是养殖还是捕捞,都还存在问题。从养殖业看,一些地区网箱养殖密度还过大,养殖退出补偿机制不健全;养殖水域滩涂禁养区、限养区、养殖区规划基础性工作,各地推动力度不一。从捕捞业看,我国渔船基数大、捕捞能力强,渔民转产转业难度大,资源压力短期难以缓解;一些地方还存在重捕捞产量的观念,渔业资源总量管理和渔船“双控”制度落实不到位。

今年中央1号文件提出,要率先在长江流域水生生物保护区实现全面禁捕。农业部部长韩长赋表示,渔业资源养护和生产方式转变需要多措并举,长江全面禁捕和渔民退捕转产实施方案等重要政策将于今年出台。现在部里正在研究制定长江全面禁捕和渔民退捕转产实施方案,积极争取中央财政补助资金;将加大力度,进一步推进海洋牧场建设。沿海省份渔业部门要抓紧制定保护区退捕转产的具体实施方案,落实减船转产补贴资金;要加快转变养殖方式,降低养殖密度,大力发展生态健康养殖。

根据“十三五”渔船“双控”制度和海洋渔业资源总量管理制度的要求,到2020年,全国将压减海洋捕捞机动渔船2万艘、功率150万千瓦,除淘汰旧船再建造和更新改造外,不新造、进口在我国管辖水域生产的渔船。国内海洋捕捞实行负增长政策,到2020年国内海洋捕捞总产量减少到1000万吨以内,与2015年相比减少309万吨以上。

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