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21日起境外刷1000元需上报 专家:对绝大多数人不构成影响

2017-08-05 18:32:28   央广网

央广网北京8月5日消息(记者刘祎辰)据中国之声《新闻晚高峰》报道,继6月外汇管理局宣布“9月1日起将采集境内银行卡在境外发生的提现和消费交易信息”后,8月3日再次发布通知称,从8月21日起试运行开始,发卡行就应报送银行卡境外交易信息。

同时外管局明确,如果不能按要求报送交易信息的,自2017年9月1日起发卡行就应暂停本行银行卡境外交易业务,直至履行信息报送义务。相关专家表示,这对绝大多数人正常的境外买买买不构成影响。

6月初,外汇局发布新规,要求9月1日起境内银行卡在境外发生提现和等值人民币千元以上消费,交易信息都要按规定报送。而日前外管局再次发布《关于银行卡境外交易外汇管理系统上线有关工作的通知》。通知称,外汇局将于8月21日至31日开展银行卡管理系统试运行工作。自8月21日起,各发卡行均应按照银行卡境外交易数据采集规范要求,于北京时间每日12:00前报送上日24小时内本行银行卡境外交易信息。发卡行若不能按要求接入银行卡外汇管理系统报送银行卡境外交易信息,自2017年9月1日起应暂停本行银行卡境外交易业务,直至履行信息报送义务。听起来很严格,但其实个人持卡者并不需要做什么,报送信息的任务完全在银行后台。

不知道是否是操作上与顾客无关,记者致电招商银行和中国银行,客服人员均表示没接到上报信息通知。

国家外汇局表示,开展银行卡境外交易信息采集,不涉及银行卡境外使用的外汇管理政策调整,银行卡境外交易信息由发卡金融机构报送,个人无需另行申报,不增加个人用卡成本。

商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院研究员梅新育表示:“银行卡的每笔交易本身就在商业银行作了先期登记,这个规定我认为是为了做跨境大数据分析,为了便利查处可能存在变相的洗钱、资本外逃等不正常交易伪装成正常交易的蛛丝马迹和规律。”

既然信息原本就已经被银行采集,为何现在要加多一步集中上报呢?这是否意味着我国外汇管理政策将出现趋严的调整?对此,中国外汇投资研究院院长谭雅玲表示,要看发通知的背景,“背景是违规越线的人特别多,他不是合法、合理做交易,所以要监管。前面已经查了很多家了。这就和上次5万美金换汇一样,规矩和规定大家不是很清楚,做了很多规矩和规定之外的事情。我们经常账目开放,资本账目还没有开放。而且人民币是本币不是自由兑换货币。”

就在今年六月,外管局首次发布信息采集新规之前,就刚刚通报了部分企业、个人外汇违规的案例,其中大多数都是通过将大额资金化整为零,冒用购物旅游等名义转移至国外。此外,通过大额奢侈品的虚假消费再退货的形式境外套现,也早已不是什么新闻,这些外汇违规行为,成为了贪腐、洗钱等的温床。因此加强信息报送可以规避部分违规行为。梅新育表示:“有了这个规定后,想要在原来的规定范围内进行规避,比如把大额交易变成几个小额支付,这样的规避行为就无所遁逃了。”

据统计,2016年境内个人持银行卡境外交易总计超过1200亿美元。当前,银行卡已成为个人出境使用最主要的支付工具。不过根据统计,境外交易中占比超过80%的支付,都没有超过人民币千元限额。因此大多数的交易根本无需提交信息。

需要特别提到的是,境内银行卡关联的第三方支付,例如:支付宝、微信等并不在信息采集范围内。

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