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研究称智能手机严重影响青少年行为和心理健康

2017-08-05 09:31:31   中国经济网

北京时间8月4日晚间消息,美国圣地亚哥州立大学(SDSU)教授吉恩·特温格(Jean Twenge)今日称,智能手机的广泛使用已经严重影响了美国青少年的行为和心理健康。

特温格在报告中称:“智能手机从根本上改变了青少年日常生活的方方面面,从社会交往到心理健康等等。自2011年以来,青少年的抑郁和自杀率显著提高。可以毫不夸张地说,他们正处于数十年来最严重的心理健康危机的边缘。这种恶化在很大程度上与使用手机有关。”

与以往常规性地抱怨青少年使用手机的时间太长不同,特温格教授给出了大量的数据来支持其观点。

报告显示,如今的青少年与朋友聚会的时间明显减少,拥有驾照的比例显著降低,约会的次数下降,睡眠时间减少,因此孤独感随之加重。

对于那些每天使用电子设备3个小时或更长时间的青少年,其自杀的可能性要比普通人高出35%,如制定自杀计划。

从2012年至2015年,男孩子的抑郁症张增加了21%,而女孩子增加了50%。2015年12岁至14岁自杀女孩的数量是2007年的三倍,而男孩的自杀率更高。

特温格也承认,智能手机并不是导致这一切的唯一因素,但却是关键因素。

此外,报告还称,社交网络的使用让这一代的青少年越来越不快乐。他们与现实生活中朋友聚会的时间越来越短,反而将更多的时间消耗在Snapchat、Instagram和Facebook等社交网站上。除了孤独感加剧,社会抛弃感也日益强烈。

对于这些问题,特温格也没有简单的解决方案。她承认,禁止或大幅减少青少年使用手机和社交网络是不现实的,但适当地改变可能会有所帮助。

例如,如果每天使用电子设备两个小时或更长时间,就会对心理健康和睡眠时间造成显著影响。而如今,青少年每天使用电子设备的平均时间是2.5个小时。因此,适当地降低使用时间有助于防止青少年陷入不良习惯的旋涡中。(李明)

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