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重视奖励的导向作用

2017-08-05 03:34:17   中国青年网

工业和信息化部人才交流中心主办的第十届高级人才洽谈会暨科研人才专场招聘会,吸引180多家国内知名企事业单位、科研机构和高校前来,共提供职位3500余个。新华社记者 张铖摄

【相对论】

论文奖励是科技评价的重要组成和体现。科技评价不仅是高校科技管理的主要手段,而且是高等教育宏观管理和资源配置的重要依据,对高等学校办学行为具有突出的导向作用,是一个“指挥棒”。分析论文重奖问题,应从其产生的导向作用进行分析。

首先,在国际顶级期刊上发表高水平科研成果,值得予以一定程度的奖励。高水平科研论文是学术研究的重要成果体现。在国际顶级期刊上发表论文,是科研水平的体现,有利于科研成果的检验、传播、交流等,有利于推进科研成果的交叉融合和应用转化,同时有利于提升科研人员和相关团队研究的学术声誉和国际影响力。

但是,我们也必须认识到,论文仅是科技成果的一个组成部分,是科技创新活动从基础研究到推广应用中的一个相对早期的环节。大量论文仍需实践检验,到转化为经济社会效益仍有相当的距离。尽管论文自身的评价容易量化、容易考核,但过于突出对论文的奖励力度,容易形成以“论文”为科研工作终极目的的导向。过于追踪热点发表论文,而轻视转化应用,过于看重甚至神化国际顶级期刊在科技评价和奖励中的作用,不利于科技创新生态体系的健康持续发展。

所以,应从科技分类评价的整体审视论文奖励。科技创新活动有其内在不同的分类和阶段,分基础研究、应用研究、技术转移、成果转化等不同工作。应该根据不同分类建立科研分类评价体系,尽量避免评价指标单一化、评价标准定量化、评价方法简单化、评价结果功利化等倾向。例如,对基础研究人员的评价以有利于潜心研究、长期积累,催生重大原创性成果为重点。对应用研究人员的评价以聚焦需求,具有自主知识产权和重大技术突破为重点。对软科学研究人员的评价以服务决策需求,形成战略研究报告,支撑思想库智囊团建设为重点等。

(作者:荆涛,系北京交通大学科技处处长)

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