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全球化3.0时代的外语学习:从“独尊英语”走向多语互补

2017-08-04 12:32:48   央广网

随着中国参与和推动全球治理变革的步伐逐步加快,在世界舞台上的“朋友圈”日益扩大,当下的中国比任何时候都需要提升和加强国际沟通和交流对话的能力。在这样的时代背景下,我们应该如何学好外语?

2006年,一本名为 《世界是平的:二十一世纪世界简史》 的美国畅销书在中国走红。在这本书中,全球化进程按其行为主体的不同,被划分为三个阶段:全球化1.0版 (1492年-1800年),这个阶段,是劳动力在推动全球化进程;全球化2.0版 (1800年-2000年) 是企业的全球化,工业革命扮演主要角色;全球化3.0版(从2000年至今) 指的是在互联网时代,人与人之间沟通无界限,全球融为一个市场,劳动力和产品均可全球共享,国际竞争加剧,地球由此被“铲平”了。

2016年,国内也有一本畅销书问世,书名是 《世界是通的:“一带一路”的逻辑》。这本书从全球化发展格局的地缘变迁提出了新的全球化3.0版本:继以亚欧大陆为载体的“古丝绸之路”带来的全球化1.0时代和以海洋为载体、以西方国家为中心的全球化2.0时代之后,以“一带一路”倡议为载体的“全球化3.0时代”正在到来。

中外两种关于全球化3.0时代的表述,不约而同地将世界关注的目光投向了中国。随着中国参与和推动全球治理变革的步伐逐步加快,在世界舞台上的“朋友圈”日益扩大,当下的中国比任何时候都需要提升和加强国际沟通和交流对话的能力。在这样的时代背景下,我们应该如何学好外语呢?

学外语强调“学以致用”,错了吗?

当学习外语的目的不是为了熟练使用该语言,而是成为判断个人外语水平以外能力的“一把尺子”,由此足见当下社会外语学习的工具价值,已出现了一定的偏离和异化。

在全球知识经济浪潮之下,外语学习已经不仅仅是一种语言知识的简单积累和储存,而是更加注重整体外语能力的培养和提升。

须知,在结构主义影响下,我国传统的外语学习,以语言知识为结构,以词汇、语法或是基础语言技能为核心,外语考试则以语言知识点作为考查范围,由此形成了一个封闭机械的外语学习范式。

很长一段时间以来,从中小学英语到大学外语、从公共外语到专业外语,几乎所有的课程大纲或是教学指南都强调语言基本功,外语课程多以综合英语、听力、口语、阅读等形式出现,即便在外语专业“国标”体系中,还是强调语言知识。语言基本功当然是外语学习的基础能力,但外语学习不能止步于此。

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