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排污许可 全面推行

2017-08-04 04:35:35   中国青年网

环保部近日发布《固定污染源排污许可分类管理名录(2017年版)》。该《名录》针对现有二氧化硫、氮氧化物、烟(粉)尘、化学需氧量、氨氮等5个主要污染物,将各污染物产生量、排放量按行业分别进行由大到小排序,筛选各污染物总产生量和总排放量约占前80%的行业作为重点行业,覆盖了“水十条”“大气十条”的重点管理行业,重金属污染综合防治的重点行业。这意味着排污许可制开始全面推行。

“根据污染物产生量和排放量大小、环境危害程度高低,将排污单位分为重点管理和简化管理两类”,环保部规划财务司有关负责人说,所有82个行业(含4个通用工序)中44个行业进行排污许可重点管理,8个行业进行简化管理,30个行业根据生产工艺特点或者生产规模区分为重点管理和简化管理。

按照先易后难、满足环境管理需要等原则,各行业实施排污许可制的年限不同。《国务院办公厅关于印发控制污染物排放许可制实施方案的通知》明确规定,2017年率先对火电、钢铁、造纸等15个行业核发排污许可证,其中造纸和火电两个行业的企业要求在今年6月底前取得排污许可证,其他13个行业在今年下半年全面开展。到2020年,《名录》中规定的应当取得排污许可证的排污单位必须持证排污。

其中,记者了解到,火电、造纸是我国环境管理基础相对较好的行业,污染物排放量较大而且集中,从这两个行业开始实施,具有试点意义。目前,这两个行业已完成了排污许可证核发工作,全国共核发5100余个。环保部已发布火电、造纸、钢铁、水泥等行业排污许可技术规范,今年还将发布石化、焦化等11个行业排污许可技术规范,逐步形成完整的技术规范体系。

专家认为,排污许可制作为今后固定污染源环境管理的核心制度,应着重考虑当前工作需要,先将“大气十条”“水十条”涉及的火电、钢铁、水泥等重点行业,以及严重产能过剩行业实施排污许可管理。《名录》规定了2017年底前上述行业排污许可证的具体核发任务。比如,在2018—2020年之间,优先安排污染物排放量大、环境危害程度高、社会关注度高的重点行业排污许可证的核发工作,尽快实现将主要的固定污染源纳入排污许可管理的目标,直至2020年实现《名录》上固定污染源全覆盖。

该负责人说,《名录》中实施年限是纳入《名录》的排污单位持证排污的最后时限,在国家规定的最后关门时间尚未取得排污许可证的排污单位,将按无证排污进行处罚。

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