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《罗马条约》60年 中外学者讨论欧洲一体化的困境与出路

2017-07-16 22:22:14   国际在线

图为在人民大学举行的国际研讨会现场 摄影:黎萌

国际在线报道(记者 黎萌)中欧关系能否超越经济合作?谁主导危机时期的欧盟一体化进程?中国、欧盟和美国的经济外交前景如何?时值欧洲一体化重要步骤的《罗马条约》签署60周年之际,在中国人民大学内,校方15日用全天时间举办了相关国际研讨会。来自人民大学、北京大学、复旦大学、中国社会科学院、中国国际问题研究院、现代国际关系学院、中国欧盟协会、英国艾赛克斯大学、比利时布鲁塞尔自由大学、澳大利亚墨尔本大学、奥地利萨尔茨堡大学、美国路易威尔大学等的专家学者与会。

主管中国人民大学国际关系学院和欧洲研究中心的副校长刘元春在致辞中表示,过去60年来一个伟大的精神就是利用一体化促进自由化和全球化,并以此推动社会的和平、经济的稳定、政治的和谐。《罗马条约》签订之后,整个欧洲60年来基本上没有战争,形成了一个贸易投资、金融货币完全一体化的典范。在我们当前这样一种环境里,这种精神依然值得我们进一步倡导,它是我们真正克服在大调整、大危机之后的各种乱象的很明确的一种方向。

“在《罗马条约》签署60年时来讨论欧洲一体化的困境与出路,这个主题非常有意义,不仅对于解决全球性问题,而且对于中国自身的进一步改革开放和发展,也具有举足轻重的意义。”刘元春说。

中国欧盟协会副会长陈大卫表示,欧洲一体化的困境与出路,这个题目有挑战性,难就难在它是在一个多变量相关、多要素缠绕的情况下,要从一个复杂机制里找出一条相对合理的路径。欧洲的困境实际是一个三元悖论,有一些问题是在欧盟演进的过程中产生的。出路是什么?到底是继续相对平和地推进资本的自由流动,还是像大家看到的英国脱欧、数字化民主对精英的代议制民主的冲击,这要看各方博弈的结果。

中国人民大学欧盟研究中心主任王义桅认为,欧洲确实是近代化的引领者,很多世界上的危机、问题欧洲都先体会到了,所以,欧洲一体化的成就还是很主要的。但60年来它只是实现了内部的和平,外部和平则没有实现。另外发展问题并未解决好,地区间、国家内发展也面临很大的差距,多元社会失败,助长了民粹主义等等。我们研究欧洲一体化的困境,实际上也就是在研究人类发展的困境、资本主义体系的困境和全球化的困境。

公开资料显示,1957年3月25日,在欧洲煤钢共同体的基础上,法国、联邦德国、意大利、荷兰、比利时和卢森堡6国政府首脑和外长在罗马签署《欧洲经济共同体条约》和《欧洲原子能共同体条约》,后来人们称这两条约为《罗马条约》。同年7月19日到12月4日,六国议会先后批准了该条约并于1958年1月1日生效。1967年,欧洲煤钢共同体、欧洲经济共同体、欧洲原子能共同体的机构合并,统称欧共体。这是欧洲一体化的重要步骤。

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