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老太药店购药不慎摔伤 谁担责?

2017-07-09 07:24:07   

2016年7月中旬的一天,苏老太到赵老板经营的新疆石河子市某某大药房购买感冒药,在此之前,苏老太曾两次到该大药房购买过药品,均由赵老板接待,苏老太购买药品后准备离开大药房,行走至大药房室内地下室楼梯口入口处外侧时,看到距地下室楼梯口外上方镜子墙处悬挂有杂物包,就前往查看,当苏老太右转身向被告询问杂物包价格时,没有想到右脚踩空从楼梯间摔至地下室受伤。

判决书送达后,原、被告双方均提起上诉。近日,新疆生产建设兵团第八师中级人民法院作出终审判决:驳回上诉,维持原判。

法官说法:

宾馆、商场、银行、车站、娱乐场所等公共场所的管理人或者群众性活动的组织者,未尽到安全保障义务,造成他人损害的,应当承担侵权责任。

本案中,被告作为经营某某大药房的业主及管理人,应当对消费者在消费过程中履行相应的安全保障义务,其不仅要保障消费者在购买药品时的人身安全,还要保障消费者进出某某大药房时的人身安全。被告在地下室楼梯入口处设置镜子墙及悬挂杂物包,导致消费者在地下室楼梯口查看悬挂在镜子墙上的杂物包时,视角上导致误认为悬挂在镜子墙上的杂物包周围的空间较大,属于室内设施及摆放商品存在瑕疵,客观上增加了消费者在查看杂物包时被摔倒的风险,被告对此存在一定的过错,致使原告在被告经营的某某大药房购买药品过程中,不慎右脚踩空被摔至地下室,被告应当对原告摔倒受伤的损害后果承担40%的民事赔偿责任。

原告作为一个具有独立行为能力的成年人,在外出消费过程中也负有必要的谨慎注意义务,以确保自身安全,原告在购买药品后前往查看杂物包时,其自身没有尽到谨慎注意义务,致使其右脚踩空被摔倒至地下室,故其自身行为也存在一定的过错,应对自己因受伤造成的损害后果自行负担60%的责任。

我国《社会保险法》第二条“国家建立基本养老保险、基本医疗保险、工伤保险、失业保险、生育保险等社会保险制度,保障公民在年老、疾病、工伤、失业、生育等情况下依法从国家和社会获得物质帮助的权利”以及第二十八条“符合基本医疗保险药品目录、诊疗项目、医疗服务设施标准以及急诊、抢救的医疗费用,按照国家规定从基本医疗保险基金中支付”之规定,但事故的受害人通过社会医疗保险机构报销部分医疗费后能否再向相关赔偿义务人请求全额支付医疗费的问题,我国现行法律对此没有明确规定。由于受害人与侵权人、社会医疗保险部门建立的是不同的法律关系,受害人基于侵权人的侵权行为向侵权人主张赔偿医疗费属于民法调整的范畴,基于我国目前建立的社会保障体系向社会医疗保险部门主张报销医疗费则属于社会法调整的范畴,二者属于不同部门法调整;而我国现行法律并没有禁止受害人向社保部门报销医疗费后再向相关赔偿义务人行使医疗费的赔付请求权,受害人通过社会医疗保险部门报销部分医疗费的行为亦没有加重赔偿义务人的赔偿责任,因此,赔偿义务人的赔偿责任亦没有理由因受害人向社保部门报销部分医疗费而予以减轻。本案中,社会医疗保险机构向原告支付住院费系基于苏老太与社会医疗保险机构建立的社会医疗保险合同而形成的社会医疗保险合同关系。而原告要求被告赔偿因事故造成的损失,是基于被告与原告之间建立的侵权关系。故原告通过与社会医疗保险机构签订的社会保险合同而为原告支付的部分医疗费用后,就该部分费用而言,原告仍有权要求被告赔偿。因此,被告以原告经社会医疗保险机构报销的部分不能再要求被告赔偿的理由不能成立,法院不予支持。(杜世成)

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