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重庆银行业探索新模式支持科创企业

2017-07-07 16:25:32   国际在线

国际在线报道(记者 李雯婷):由于科创型企业轻资产、高技术含量、高风险、高成长等特点,获得银行贷款往往难度更大。近日重庆银监局副局长向恒在银行业例行发布会上介绍,近年来,重庆推动建立了“X+1”的综合授信体系,即除了按照一般商业原则进行审核给定授信额度之外,还叠加一个以知识产权为核心的知识信用价值额度。

数据显示,截至2017年一季度末,重庆科技型企业贷款余额795.52亿元,同比增长7.73%。其中,为科技型中小企业提供贷款余额311.46亿元,占39.15%。

科创企业技术含量高,但同时也存在存活率不高的问题,在这样的情况下,银行该如何提供服务?高科技成长风险又如何进行分担?

重庆银监局副局长向恒介绍,针对科创企业缺少抵押物的状况,重庆推广知识产权、专利权、股权质押贷款。而针对科创企业价值难以评估的问题,重庆银行业与相关政府部门联合推动建立了“X+1”的综合授信体系。即除了按照一般商业原则进行审核给定授信额度之外,还叠加一个以知识产权为核心的知识信用价值额度,“这个“X”本身是以知识产权为核心的知识信用价值额度,说白了就是以知识产权为基础,然后由专家的评审给他一个额度,相当于银行授信一样,你值多少钱给你一个额度。这个额度是由重庆市知识产权部门结合企业的科技人才、研发投入、知识产权和创新产品等等要素综合测评核定,这是一个概念,叫做“X+1”。另外一部分,银行按照一般商业原则进行审核,给定他一个授信额度。这两个额度加起来,就是科创企业银行可以给你授信的额度。”

重庆银监局同时在探索推进风险分担和补偿体系的建设,推动建立了一些不同类别的风险补偿基金,打消银行的疑虑。向恒介绍:“就是说如果银行发放的知识信用价值的这部分贷款出现损失,那么它本金的80%由信用担保基金承担,这个信用担保基金就是由我们重庆市和区县两级政府的财政共同出资设立的。“X”的部分如果出现损失,80%的本金由这个担保基金承担,20%本金和利息损失由银行承担,当然商业部分那个“1”是银行自主的商业判断,出了问题银行自主承担责任。”

向恒说,借助外部力量进行价值评估的作法就像“透视镜”,担保基金则像一个“安全垫”。“既增加了‘透视镜’看清楚技术本身的价值,又有‘安全垫’为企业解决后顾之忧。”

重庆农村商业银行是重庆市资产规模最大的银行,主要服务零售和中小企业,重庆农村商业银行副行长舒静介绍,今年5月重庆农村商业银行开始试点“X+1”的综合授信体系,组建专门团队,制定专门支行,对科技型企业提供知识价值的信用贷款,“在不到一个月时间为32户科技型企业提供大概4040万的贷款,同时为25户出了贷款意向,平均每个贷款客户大概在130万元左右。”

据了解,2016年,银监会曾允许10家试点银行设立投资子公司、投资科创企业,为客户提供“信贷+股权投资”的综合金融服务。向恒表示,尽管重庆没有纳入试点地区,辖区的法人机构也没有进入试点机构行列,如果银监会将来有进一步扩大试点的政策,重庆将积极争取成为下一批投贷联动试点的地区。

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