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专家为食品“洗冤”:治理舌尖谣言还缺什么?

2017-07-04 08:26:23   新华网

“西瓜打针”“螃蟹注胶”“蔬果染色”……夏日炎炎,生鲜美食广受欢迎,但朋友圈里的生鲜食品谣言却开始新一轮传播,不但使行业损失惨重,也造成消费者“舌尖上的焦虑”。

正在进行的食品安全宣传周活动上,食品安全领域专家通过讲原理、做实验,为公众详细“掰谎”,为生鲜美食洗刷“冤情”。

生鲜“洗冤录”:“打针西瓜”实际中难操作

西瓜成为夏日里老百姓消暑必备,然而“西瓜打针变甜”的说法却屡屡给消费者造成困扰。

对此,科信食品与营养信息交流中心副主任钟凯在食品安全宣传周科学实验展现场开始实验:一手按住一个西瓜,一手拿着吸满蓝色墨水的针筒,用力往西瓜里推墨水。但当针筒里的墨水刚刚被推进西瓜里时,蓝色墨水竟顺着针眼流了出来。

“通过打针让西瓜变甜,在实际中是不可能实现的。”钟凯在实验后指出,有时候我们看到在西瓜中有一些纤维状物质,这实际上是由于授粉、自然发育等原因产生的正常现象,并不是西瓜中被注入了什么不好的东西。

“首先,西瓜皮虽然较硬,但是西瓜瓤是很脆弱的,瓜内部又是一个封闭的环境。通过实验可以看到,向西瓜内部用针筒注水,不仅要用很大劲,水也马上就会冒出来。注水的压力还会把瓜瓤压碎。同时,针眼会让细菌进入西瓜内部,这样的瓜存放不了一天就坏了。商家注了水卖不出去,岂不是得不偿失。”

对于曾经在网络上流传的“螃蟹注胶增重”谣言,钟凯也进行了驳斥。他说,人们看到的螃蟹表面的小孔,并不是螃蟹被打了针,而是螃蟹在运输过程中互相挤压造成的。“螃蟹如果打针受伤,很容易死的。若给螃蟹打针增重,根本放不了多长时间。”

中国工程院院士、国家食品安全风险评估中心总顾问陈君石也带领团队通过现场实验,驳斥了杨梅、樱桃等“水洗掉色,蔬果染色”的谣言。“我们经常会听说‘新鲜的水果和蔬菜是被染了色’的谣言,实际是果蔬中富含的花青素使其呈现出颜色;它是多酚类物质,对人类的身体健康很有益处。”陈君石说。

谣言“猛于虎”:造谣动动嘴,辟谣磨破嘴

近年来,我国生鲜食品业几成谣言袭扰的“重灾区”。2016年以来,从“樱桃核仁含氰化物”“胶水拼接牛排”到“浑身是虫的皮皮虾”,生鲜食品谣言借助视频剪辑病毒式疯转,令生鲜企业,还有大批农户、养殖户的利益遭受重大损失。

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