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“普特会”还有戏?美俄关系回暖面临三道坎儿

2017-06-27 13:41:28   新华社

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新华网北京6月27日电(记者 董小娇 郝斐然)美国对俄罗斯展开新一轮制裁、美军战机击落叙利亚战机、北约战机危险性靠近俄防长座机......近期,一连串事件消极影响着俄美关系的转圜。

二十国集团峰会举行在即,原本不少人预期的俄美总统首次会晤,还能否如期发生,引发猜测。

对此,新华社世界问题研究中心研究员徐长银认为,特朗普有改善美俄关系的意愿,但特朗普对俄政策尚未成形,美俄关系恢复正常化也面临着三重障碍,双方握手言和并非易事。

特朗普与普京会面可能性大

“特朗普与普京会面的可能性很大”,徐长银认为,改善美俄关系是特朗普一直不变的初衷,在总统竞选期间,他就一直主张改善美俄关系,还公开对普京表示赞赏。这不是特朗普一时的权宜之计,而是符合他一直推进的战略考虑。

但是,特朗普对俄的外交战略还未成形。目前,特朗普在发展美俄关系上的很多做法,都是在延续总统竞选期间的口号。他对俄罗斯的许多动作,都是具有“随意性”的,而不是按步骤、系统地执行对俄外交政策。

比方说,特朗普上台后,迫于“通俄门”调查的压力,有意跟俄罗斯拉开一些距离、采取一系列“避嫌”动作。美国向叙利亚发射导弹,某种程度上,就是特朗普借此撇清与俄罗斯的关系,因为这次袭击对叙利亚的战局并没有产生多大影响。

三重障碍!美俄关系回暖过程缓慢

虽然特朗普曾表示希望改善美俄关系,但双方近来摩擦不断。徐长银分析说,美俄关系恢复正常化面临着三重障碍,这恐怕是一个比较缓慢的过程。

第一,“通俄门”是特朗普对俄政策的一个重要掣肘因素。美国媒体长期揪住“通俄门”不放,特朗普因此而陷入被动;而且这一事件仍在调查中,会给特朗普执政带来很多障碍。特朗普多次表明自己并未“通俄”,迫于国内形势的压力,特朗普不太可能马上恢复美国与俄罗斯的关系。

第二,美国的反俄势力不容小觑。比如说,美国参议院军事委员会主席麦凯恩极力反对美国发展与俄罗斯的关系,这也是特朗普在执政中需要克服的问题。

第三,美俄在许多问题上还存在冲突。在乌克兰问题上,美俄之间的利益冲突还未解决;在叙利亚问题上,双方想要短时间内化干戈为玉帛也很难。中东反恐问题不可能短期内结束,美国在反恐的同时,也在考量中东的利益安排。因此,美俄之间的利益争夺有可能进一步激化。比方说,在叙利亚总统巴沙尔的去留问题上,美俄之间就有一番较量。

整体来看,当前美俄关系陷入低谷,双方严重缺乏互信,即使特朗普与普京实现首次会晤,对于两国关系转圜能发挥多大作用,还是一个未知数。

原标题:“普特会”还有戏?美俄关系回暖面临三道坎儿

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