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中国首本拉美文学教材面世 九月即将进入高校使用

2017-06-27 08:18:31   国际在线

国际在线报道(记者 李宇):日前,《拉丁美洲文学教程》与拉丁美洲文学课程教学交流会在北京外语教学与研究出版社(以下简称外研社)召开。会上,20多位来自北京及西安多所高校的西班牙语教师共同就该教程的内容编写及出版意义进行了研讨。

历时三年编写制作的国内首本针对拉美文学课程编写的《拉丁美洲文学教程》于今年4月面世。此前,虽然自1952年北京外国语学院(现“北京外国语大学”的前身)开设中国第一个西班牙语本科专业以来,全国共开设西语专业的高校达80多所,但西语教学一直缺少一套完整、系统、科学、与现代信息社会发展相适应的本科教学教材。

外研社综合语种出版分社社长彭东林表示,高校西语专业此前都没有真正意义上的教材,《拉丁美洲文学教程》的出版可谓填补了这一空白,“在大学西班牙语本科专业教育中间,高年级的知识课程体系,特别是国家在研究制定新的教学标准方面,需要对学生在能力培养方面有些新的要求。在这种情况下,我觉得我们大学本科的课程以及和课程相关联的教材就需要做一些调整,做一些变革。我们当时就提到,在文学这个教学版块里面,我们要有文学阅读欣赏,要有拉美文学,要有西班牙文学这几个模块。此前,包括西班牙文学、拉美文学,都没有真正意义上的教材。比如有文学选集、文学选读,但是教材是需要教学设计,供学校使用的一个资源。这本教材是西班牙语教育的一个重要的突破,填补了西语教育的课程建设与教材建设的一个空白。”

《拉丁美洲文学教程》分为《阅读篇》和《文史篇》两册,其中《阅读篇》有20个单元,以19世纪初的新古典主义作为开篇,按照时间顺序包含了拉美文学各流派的经典之作,最后以21世纪初一部新生代的代表性作品作为收尾。

在接到外研社关于编写此书的邀请时,北京外国语大学的郑书九教授曾在西语专业在校生、毕业生和西语教师中多方征求意见,最终将23位作家的作品选段加入到《阅读篇》当中。谈到选择标准时,郑老师认为,经典性和可读性缺一不可,“我强调每一个文学时期、每一个流派,或者一个文学体裁,我们要选经典作家经典作品--两个经典。但是你完全是名篇名著,有些时候学生读不懂,因为毕竟是(本科)四年级的学生。所以我们就选一个可读性的问题,要适合学生的实际水平和阅读能力。”

这套《拉丁美洲文学教程》特别设计了两册,为了配合《阅读篇》,还有一本《文史篇》配合使用,后者的文字部分与《阅读篇》的整体设计相配套,也由20个单元组成,每个单元主要涉及相关文学作品的流派、体裁、历史背景等内容。在郑老师眼中,《文史篇》与《阅读篇》相辅相成,“《文史篇》主要集中在相关流派、体裁、文学时期的历史背景等等,实际上和《阅读篇》是相互配合、相辅相成的。目的是一方面让学生阅读文学作品,另一方面让学生了解这个作品、这个流派的时代背景特点,就是说把所读的作品放到一个大的文学环境和社会环境中去理解。”

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