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高楼层火灾救命必知技巧,闲时学急时用,多懂好过无知亡命!
“说事实,谈民意,不是写华丽的文章,是写民意,用大众的语言,说大众的事!”
现在大部分人住的都是高楼层房子,高层建筑层数多,垂直距离长,疏散到地面或其它安全场所的时间长且人员集中,一旦发生火灾,扑救难度大,那么如何在高层火灾中逃生呢?
首先要有一定的安全意识,先了解和熟悉住宅、工作、学习等场所的疏散通道和安全出口情况,做到心中有数,以防万一。出现火灾首先冷静,确定火源位置,先逃生后报警(不要像有些专家说的先报警再逃生,时间就是生命,先逃生后报警才是最安全的)。如果有家用消防逃生器具,火灾发生时就具备了一定优势,可将呼吸器佩戴在口鼻处,再将灭火毯披在身上,选择火势较弱的线路向楼外逃生。
按照火源位置,主要分三种情况:
1.自己位置在着火层以下
当你确定在这个位置,可以寻着指示灯或者指示标识逃生,立即利用各种楼梯下到安全地带。离着火建筑较远的安全位置,以防建筑物内部发生爆炸飞出被砸(煤气管道、煤气罐、私自储存的易燃易爆危险物品),绝对不能乘坐电梯,以防突然断电不上不下的尴尬局面。
2.自己位置在着火层
当你确定在这个位置,由于常规着火层的火势是最大的,容易被烟雾阻挡视线,无法辨明方向。冷静思考楼梯的方向,用湿毛巾掩住口鼻,向屋外逃生时不可用双手贸然推门,轻触门把手体验温度,然后将门打开缝隙向外查看火情;如果门锁的温度已经很高,或者烟雾从门缝中往里钻,则说明外面的火已经很大,千万不要贸然地打开房门。如果门锁温度正常,或者门缝没有烟雾钻进来,说明火离自己还有一段距离,这时候可以打开一道门缝,观察一下外面的情况,再找逃生的楼梯。逃生过程中如果发现热浪越走越大,就证明靠近火源或高温物体,同时烟雾太大,看不清逃生路线时,需要根据当时具体情况灵活判断,选择合理的逃生路线和方法。当你下不去了,感觉无路可走的时候,那就上楼,高层都有一个叫避难层的地方,到里面去吧,这里在一段时间内是相对安全的地方。如果你的确下楼位置都分不清楚,很慌乱了,不能乱跑出去;在家将能装水的东西都装满水,用水弄湿靠近火源的方向的墙和门,有时间的话尽量移开可燃物品,将易燃物挪到不易受热的地方;准备好湿毛巾,发现屋里有烟,就马上湿毛巾掩住口鼻,在窗口呼救,等待救援,呼救时候声音一定要大;但是一定不要跳楼,不要扔东西下去,实在热得难受就用水给自己降降温。
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