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专家解析中东新变局:断交风波并不意外 美国未得实惠
国际在线消息(记者 黄蓉): 6月22日下午,国际在线与新浪国际联合主办的“中东新变局:从断交事件说起”主题沙龙活动在北京五道口桥咖啡举办,中国现代国际关系研究院中东研究所助理研究员龚正、中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所国际战略研究室助理研究员肖河,就本月初中东多国突然与卡塔尔断交,以及沙特国王废黜王储事件给中东带来的新变局问题,为现场网友带来了精彩的解读。
本月5日,沙特、巴林、阿联酋、埃及、利比亚、也门和马尔代夫等七个国家宣布与卡塔尔断交,这起严重的中东地区的外交事件吸引了国际社会的关注。为什么中东地区多国突然与卡塔尔断交?背后又是否与特朗普的中东政策有关? 而此次“断交潮”风暴过后,又会给中东地区带来怎样的影响?这些问题成为了此次沙龙活动现场观众们和网友普遍关注的话题。国际在线新闻微博账号全程直播了此次活动。
中国现代国际关系研究院中东研究所助理研究员龚正。摄影:金近
断交原因
中国现代国际关系研究院中东研究所助理研究员龚正表示,此次断交事件有两个导火索,第一发生在5月23日深夜,卡塔尔官方通讯社发布卡塔尔埃米尔的某次演讲,称赞伊朗是“地区强国”、“地区稳定力量”,认为“对抗伊朗是不明智的”。这立即引起与伊朗不对付的一些国家的不满,沙特阿拉伯、阿联酋、埃及等国宣布,自5月24日起屏蔽卡塔尔媒体,其中包括“卡塔尔半岛电视台”。 尽管卡官方后来辟谣称埃米尔没有说过类似的话,是发布消息的官媒遭到了黑客入侵,但沙特等国显然并不买账。之后,6月3日阿联酋驻美大使的邮箱也遭黑客攻击,曝光了阿联酋暗中支持以色列、试图诋毁卡塔尔的事情,这令沙特等国家认为,这起曝光事件背后是卡塔尔做的手脚,因此,在5日沙特等国家进行了这场坍塌式断交潮。
龚正表示,一天之内,七个国家与卡塔尔断交看似突然,但并不在意料之外。因为沙卡之间的嫌隙由来已久,其中的原因既包括阿拉伯半岛上各大家族的纠纷:1995年,哈马德·本·哈利法·阿勒萨尼发动不流血的宫廷政变继位,并在2013年把王位与政治权力传给当时的王储塔米姆·本·哈马德·阿勒萨尼。当年的不流血政变令沙特等国家十分不满。英刊《经济学家》直言不讳地将此次卡塔尔危机称为“家族宿仇”;也包括复杂的地缘斗争和政治风向的差异,与沙特等逊尼派国家对伊朗抱有仇视的态度不同,卡塔尔与伊朗因共有海上气田,双边关系比较友好,卡塔尔对伊朗的友好态度令沙特等国家不满意,另外,以沙特为代表的一些阿拉伯国家信奉比较保守、强调稳定、精英主义的政治风格,而卡塔尔则是倾向温和的、变革的改革风潮。
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