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公共图书馆法首次提请审议 强化政府责任鼓励社会参与

2017-06-23 10:55:10   国际在线

国际在线报道(记者 时冉):目前世界上已经有60多个国家颁布了两百多部图书馆法,而我国虽然建成国家、省、市、县四级公共图书馆系统,但相关法律却一直缺位。日前,中国首部公共图书馆法草案提请全国人大常委会审议。草案在强化政府责任的同时,也提出税收优惠等多项措施鼓励社会力量参与,以推动中国的公共图书馆服务。

不同于学校图书馆、科研机构图书馆等,公共图书馆是依法登记设立并向社会公众免费开放的图书馆,具有较强的社会公益属性。截至2015年底,我国有政府设立的公共图书馆3139个。但无论图书馆数量还是藏书数量上都与发达国家存在较大差距。以美国为例,美国公共图书馆数量超过1.6万所,其数量甚至超过了麦当劳餐厅。为了让更多人享受到公共图书馆服务,公共图书馆法草案强化了政府责任。文化部部长雒树刚说: “县级以上地方人民政府应当将公共图书馆建设纳入城乡规划和土地利用总体规划,并加大对政府设立的公共图书馆的投入,将所需经费列入本级政府预算;应当根据本行政区域内人口数量、人口分布、环境条件等因素,确定公共图书馆的数量、规模、结构和分布,加强固定馆舍和流动服务设施、自助服务设施建设。”

从2014年起,“全民阅读”已经连续4年写入中央政府工作报告。在今年的政府工作报告中,“倡导全民阅读”的提法更是升级为“大力推动全民阅读”。方便百姓阅读成为公共图书馆法草案的主要着墨点之一。对此,雒树刚介绍说:“政府设立的公共图书馆应当设置少年儿童阅览区域,配备专业人员对未成年人开展阅读指导和社会教育活动,有条件的地方还可以单独设立少年儿童图书馆;公共图书馆应当免费开展文献信息查询、借阅,公共空间设施场地开放,公益性讲座、培训、展览等活动,将推动、引导全民阅读作为重要任务。”

草案还规定,公共图书馆在国家法定节假日、公休日应当开放;应当提高服务水平,接受社会监督;应当提供特殊群体服务、流动服务、自助服务、数字化服务等。

一直以来,包括纽约公共图书馆等全球知名公共图书馆收入来源多样化,社会捐赠在其中发挥了重要作用。而我国由于缺乏法律保障,社会力量参与的积极性不高,公共图书馆经费普遍存在资金匮乏的问题。为此,草案提出了政策扶持、税收优惠等多项措施,鼓励各方力量参与公共图书馆事业。雒树刚说:“国家鼓励公民、企事业单位、社会团体或者其他组织依法向公共图书馆捐赠,并依照有关税收法律、行政法规规定给予税收优惠,境外自然人、法人和其他组织可以依照有关法律、行政法规采取捐赠方式参与我国境内公共图书馆建设。”

此外,草案还规定,可以依法以捐赠者的姓名、名称作为公共图书馆的馆名,或者命名图书馆的馆舍、其他设施,并鼓励学校图书馆、科研机构图书馆及其他类型图书馆向社会公众开放。

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