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日本军费要向北约看齐 希望提升至GDP的2%

2017-06-22 08:15:25   新华社

新华社北京6月21日电(记者惠晓霜)日本执政党自由民主党下属一个委员会20日通过一份报告,提出日本防务预算不应继续徘徊在国内生产总值(GDP)的1%左右,而是应该向北大西洋公约组织看齐,提升至2%。

共同社报道,自民党安全保障调查会在这份报告中称,应该有“足够”军费确保日本应对“严峻的安全环境”,应该参考北约为其成员国制定的国防开支占GDP2%的目标。

日本三木武夫政府1976年制定日本防务开支不超过GDP1%的政策,不过在1986年由中曾根康弘内阁废除。尽管如此,受战后和平宪法制约,日本其后的防务开支仍在1%左右徘徊。以修宪为任内目标的安倍晋三2013年第二次就任首相以来,日本防务费用持续攀升,并于2016和2017财年连续突破5万亿日元(约合450亿美元)大关。

日本防卫大臣稻田朋美20日称,按照GDP比例制定军费预算“不妥”,而要考虑日本在安全事务中应扮演的角色和日本的军事实力需求。

共同社当天还报道,日本寻求美方同意自动延长一项核燃料协议。按照日美1988年达成的30年期限协议,日本可从核电站使用完毕的核燃料中提取铀和钚,从而继续用于核电站发电或“文殊”科研用快中子增殖反应堆。自民党安全保障调查会制定的这份报告为中期版本,将在明年春季出台正式版本。当天的报告还提出,日本应加速考虑拥有预警卫星和网络战能力。报告说,网络空间的威胁激增,日本自卫队“有必要具备网络攻击能力”。

尽管2011年日本东部大地震和海啸灾难之后,日本大多数核电站出于安全忧虑被关闭,而且“文殊”反应堆将退役,但是日方仍希望保持日美核燃料协议。

报道援引分析人士的话说,由于循环利用中产生的钚可用于制造核武器,美方会产生忧虑,进而就日方多年来积存的钚提出苛刻条件,因而日方希望这份定于2018年7月到期的核燃料协议能自动延长。

上世纪70年代,英美法三国以科研为目的向日本提供武器级高浓度钚。2010年起,美方催促日方归还这些钚。按照双方2014年达成的协议,日方去年向美方归还了大约330千克高浓度钚。然而,日本仍囤积着近50吨钚。(新华社客户端)

(原标题:日本军费要向北约看齐 希望提升至GDP的2%)

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